Difference between revisions of "Vagina and Vestibule - Anatomy & Physiology"
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| − | {{ | + | {{toplink |
| − | == Introduction == | + | |backcolour =EED2EE |
| + | |linkpage =Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology | ||
| + | |linktext =Reproductive System | ||
| + | |maplink = Reproductive System (Content Map) - Anatomy & Physiology | ||
| + | |pagetype =Anatomy | ||
| + | |sublink1=Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology#Female Reproductive Tract | ||
| + | |subtext1=FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | <br> | ||
| + | ==Introduction== | ||
| − | The vagina constitutes the part of the female reproductive tract between the | + | The vagina constitutes the part of the female reproductive tract between the cervix and the vulva. With the vestibule and vulva, it is the copulatory organ and the birth canal. The '''hymen''' is the poorly developed, vestigial, mucosal folds at the junction of the vagina and vestibule. |
| − | + | =Anatomical Boundaries= | |
| − | + | == Vagina == | |
| − | * Extends from the external ostium of the | + | * Extends from the external ostium of the Uterus to the entrance of the Urethra. |
* Long and thin walled. | * Long and thin walled. | ||
* Located in the median position within the pelvic cavity. | * Located in the median position within the pelvic cavity. | ||
| − | * Located between the | + | * Located between the rectum dorsally and bladder ventrally. |
| − | * Mostly retroperitoneal, but the cranial parts are covered by | + | * Mostly retroperitoneal, but the cranial parts are covered by peritoneum. |
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| − | * Protruding | + | === Vaginal Fornix === |
| + | |||
| + | * Protruding cervix restricts the lumen of the cranial vagina to a ring-like space known as the fornix. | ||
* This is a cranioventral recess in the mare and bitch. | * This is a cranioventral recess in the mare and bitch. | ||
* The recess is caudoventral in the cow and ewe. | * The recess is caudoventral in the cow and ewe. | ||
| − | + | == Vestibule == | |
* Extends from the external urethral opening to the external vulva, so combines urinary and reproductive functions. | * Extends from the external urethral opening to the external vulva, so combines urinary and reproductive functions. | ||
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* Lies mostly behind the ischial arch, sloping ventrally to its opening at the vulva. | * Lies mostly behind the ischial arch, sloping ventrally to its opening at the vulva. | ||
* The wall contains vestibular glands. | * The wall contains vestibular glands. | ||
| − | ** Secretions from these glands keeps the mucosa of the vestibule moist and facilitates | + | ** Secretions from these glands keeps the mucosa of the vestibule moist and facilitates coitus and parturition. |
| − | ** At | + | ** At oestrus, the odour of these secretions sexually stimulates the male. |
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| − | == | + | ==Histology and Innervation== |
| − | == | + | == Vagina == |
| − | == | + | == Vestibule == |
| − | * | + | * Vestibular glands are small in the bitch, but numerous. Duct openings are arranged in a linear series. |
| − | + | * Some minor vestibular glands are also present in the pig, sheep, cow and mare. | |
| − | + | * In the cow and Ewe, a large glandular mass is present on each side of the vestibule. This drains via a single duct. | |
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| − | == | + | ==Links== |
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Revision as of 08:09, 9 September 2008
|
Introduction
The vagina constitutes the part of the female reproductive tract between the cervix and the vulva. With the vestibule and vulva, it is the copulatory organ and the birth canal. The hymen is the poorly developed, vestigial, mucosal folds at the junction of the vagina and vestibule.
Anatomical Boundaries
Vagina
- Extends from the external ostium of the Uterus to the entrance of the Urethra.
- Long and thin walled.
- Located in the median position within the pelvic cavity.
- Located between the rectum dorsally and bladder ventrally.
- Mostly retroperitoneal, but the cranial parts are covered by peritoneum.
Vaginal Fornix
- Protruding cervix restricts the lumen of the cranial vagina to a ring-like space known as the fornix.
- This is a cranioventral recess in the mare and bitch.
- The recess is caudoventral in the cow and ewe.
Vestibule
- Extends from the external urethral opening to the external vulva, so combines urinary and reproductive functions.
- Shorter than the vagina.
- Lies mostly behind the ischial arch, sloping ventrally to its opening at the vulva.
- The wall contains vestibular glands.
- Secretions from these glands keeps the mucosa of the vestibule moist and facilitates coitus and parturition.
- At oestrus, the odour of these secretions sexually stimulates the male.
Histology and Innervation
Vagina
Vestibule
- Vestibular glands are small in the bitch, but numerous. Duct openings are arranged in a linear series.
- Some minor vestibular glands are also present in the pig, sheep, cow and mare.
- In the cow and Ewe, a large glandular mass is present on each side of the vestibule. This drains via a single duct.