Difference between revisions of "Vaginal Smear for Oestrus Detection in the Bitch"
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| + | {{toplink | ||
| + | |backcolour =EED2EE | ||
| + | |linkpage =Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology | ||
| + | |linktext =Reproductive System | ||
| + | |maplink = Reproductive System (Content Map) - Anatomy & Physiology | ||
| + | |pagetype =Anatomy | ||
| + | |sublink1=Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology#Female Reproductive Tract | ||
| + | |subtext1=FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT | ||
| + | |sublink2=Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Vagina/Vestibule_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology | ||
| + | |subtext2=VAGINA | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | <br> | ||
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
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* At the onset of pro-oestrus, large numbers of erythrocytes are present. | * At the onset of pro-oestrus, large numbers of erythrocytes are present. | ||
| − | * When true oestrus occurs, the | + | * When true oestrus occurs, the nuber of erythrocytes is reduced, and the smear consists of superficial cells from the stratified squamous epithelium. Such cells include: |
** Anuclear cells | ** Anuclear cells | ||
** Cells with pyknotic nuclei | ** Cells with pyknotic nuclei | ||
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** Nucleated basal of the stratified squamous epithelium | ** Nucleated basal of the stratified squamous epithelium | ||
** Intermediate cells of the stratified squamous epithelium | ** Intermediate cells of the stratified squamous epithelium | ||
| − | ** Few | + | ** Few neutrophils |
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== Vaginal Epithelium == | == Vaginal Epithelium == | ||
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* Stratum corneum and the layers immediately beneath it are lost by desquamation during pro-oestrus and oestrus. This leaves low squamous epithelium, which becomes converted to columnar epithelium 1-3 weeks after the end of oestrus. | * Stratum corneum and the layers immediately beneath it are lost by desquamation during pro-oestrus and oestrus. This leaves low squamous epithelium, which becomes converted to columnar epithelium 1-3 weeks after the end of oestrus. | ||
* Metoestrus and pregnancy: high columnar, higher than during anoestrus. | * Metoestrus and pregnancy: high columnar, higher than during anoestrus. | ||
| − | * During pro-oestrus, oestrus and early metoestrus, the epithelium and lamina propria are infiltrated with large numbers of | + | * During pro-oestrus, oestrus and early metoestrus, the epithelium and lamina propria are infiltrated with large numbers of neutrophils, which eventually escape into the vaginal lumen. |
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Revision as of 09:12, 9 September 2008
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Introduction
Vaginal smears can be used to determine the stage of the oestrous cycle. Smears are generally stained with Leishman's or a Trichrome stain such as Shorr's.
Vaginal Smears
- At the onset of pro-oestrus, large numbers of erythrocytes are present.
- When true oestrus occurs, the nuber of erythrocytes is reduced, and the smear consists of superficial cells from the stratified squamous epithelium. Such cells include:
- Anuclear cells
- Cells with pyknotic nuclei
- Large intermediate cells
- Towards the end of oestrus, polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes appear. These become the dominant cell type during metoestrus.
- In anoestrus,different cell types are present,these are:
- Nucleated basal of the stratified squamous epithelium
- Intermediate cells of the stratified squamous epithelium
- Few neutrophils
Vaginal Epithelium
- Anoestrous: low columnar-cuboidal, comprises of 2-3 layers.
- Pro-oestrus: high stratified squamous persists until late stages of oestrus.
- Stratum corneum and the layers immediately beneath it are lost by desquamation during pro-oestrus and oestrus. This leaves low squamous epithelium, which becomes converted to columnar epithelium 1-3 weeks after the end of oestrus.
- Metoestrus and pregnancy: high columnar, higher than during anoestrus.
- During pro-oestrus, oestrus and early metoestrus, the epithelium and lamina propria are infiltrated with large numbers of neutrophils, which eventually escape into the vaginal lumen.