Difference between revisions of "Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology"
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| − | {{ | + | {{toplink |
| − | == | + | |backcolour =EED2EE |
| + | |linkpage =Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology | ||
| + | |linktext =Reproductive System | ||
| + | |maplink = Reproductive System (Content Map) - Anatomy & Physiology | ||
| + | |pagetype =Anatomy | ||
| + | |sublink1=Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology#Female Reproductive Tract | ||
| + | |subtext1=FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT | ||
| + | |sublink2=Female Reproductive Tract -The Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|subtext2=THE OVARY | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | <br> | ||
| − | + | * When the dominant antral [[The Ovary_-_Follicles_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|follicle]] ovulates, slight localised haemorrhage occurs at the site of ovulation and fills the former cavity. | |
| − | + | * The small amount of bloody tissue can be observed by the naked eye. | |
| − | + | * Loss of fluid from the antral cavity causes the follicle to collapse into many folds. | |
| − | + | * As a result, some granulosal and thecal layers are pushed into the apex of the ruptured [[The Ovary_-_Follicles_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|follicle]]. | |
| − | + | * This protrusion of tissue and ruptured blood vessels forms a structure known as the '''Corpus Haemorrhagicum'''. | |
| − | + | * Following this, the theca interna and granulosa cells differentiate into large and small luteal cells. | |
| − | + | ** Luteal cells contain increased quantities of lipid droplets and the pigment 'lutein'. | |
| − | + | * As the blood is resorbed, a solid '''Corpus Luteum''' is formed by proliferation of granulosa and theca intera cells as well as blood vessels. This remains on the surface of the ovary. | |
| − | + | * In the non-pregnant animal, corpora lutea are transient structures. | |
| − | + | * Cyclic corpora lutea undergo proliferation and vascularisation directly after ovulation. | |
| − | + | * The corpora lutea then regress and degenerate into a connective tissue scar, the '''Corpus Albicans'''. | |
| − | + | * If the ovum is [[Reproductive_System_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Fertilisation.2C_Implantation_and_Early_Embryonic_Development|fertilised]], the corpus luteum remains fully developed and active throughout at least part of the pregnancy. | |
| − | + | * Corpora lutea produce progesterone. | |
| − | + | * Progesterone prepares and maintains the [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Uterus_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|uterus]] for implantation of the [[Reproductive_System_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Fertilisation.2C_Implantation_and_Early_Embryonic_Development|fertilised]] ovum. | |
| − | + | * The number of corpora lutea formed are directly related to the number of oocytes released. | |
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| − | When the dominant antral [[ | ||
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| − | Luteal cells contain increased quantities of lipid droplets and the pigment 'lutein'. As the blood is resorbed, a solid | ||
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| − | In the non-pregnant animal, corpora lutea are transient structures. | ||
== Control of Progesterone Biosynthesis in the Corpus Luteum == | == Control of Progesterone Biosynthesis in the Corpus Luteum == | ||
| − | [[Image:Progesterone Biosynthesis.jpg|thumb| | + | [[Image:Progesterone Biosynthesis.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Progesterone Biosynthesis- Courtesy of C.Wathes, Copyright RVC 2008]] |
| − | In most species, luteinization and progesterone synthesis is regulated principally by | + | * In most species, luteinization and progesterone synthesis is regulated principally by luteinising hormone (LH) in the non-fertile cycle. |
| − | + | * Further conversion to oestradiol is prevented. | |
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| − | + | === [[The Ovary - Corpus Luteum Formation - Anatomy & Physiology|Corpus Luteum Formation]] === | |
| − | + | === [[The Ovary - Corpus Luteum Regression- Anatomy & Physiology|Corpus Luteum Regression]] === | |
| − | [[ | ||
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Revision as of 20:45, 12 September 2008
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- When the dominant antral follicle ovulates, slight localised haemorrhage occurs at the site of ovulation and fills the former cavity.
- The small amount of bloody tissue can be observed by the naked eye.
- Loss of fluid from the antral cavity causes the follicle to collapse into many folds.
- As a result, some granulosal and thecal layers are pushed into the apex of the ruptured follicle.
- This protrusion of tissue and ruptured blood vessels forms a structure known as the Corpus Haemorrhagicum.
- Following this, the theca interna and granulosa cells differentiate into large and small luteal cells.
- Luteal cells contain increased quantities of lipid droplets and the pigment 'lutein'.
- As the blood is resorbed, a solid Corpus Luteum is formed by proliferation of granulosa and theca intera cells as well as blood vessels. This remains on the surface of the ovary.
- In the non-pregnant animal, corpora lutea are transient structures.
- Cyclic corpora lutea undergo proliferation and vascularisation directly after ovulation.
- The corpora lutea then regress and degenerate into a connective tissue scar, the Corpus Albicans.
- If the ovum is fertilised, the corpus luteum remains fully developed and active throughout at least part of the pregnancy.
- Corpora lutea produce progesterone.
- Progesterone prepares and maintains the uterus for implantation of the fertilised ovum.
- The number of corpora lutea formed are directly related to the number of oocytes released.
Control of Progesterone Biosynthesis in the Corpus Luteum
- In most species, luteinization and progesterone synthesis is regulated principally by luteinising hormone (LH) in the non-fertile cycle.
- Further conversion to oestradiol is prevented.