Difference between revisions of "Border Disease Virus"

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== Introduction ==
 
  
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This is a virus of the family [[:Category:Pestiviruses|Pestivirus]] and occurs in sheep and goats. The disease was first reported on the Welsh Borders, hence the name. It is now prevalent in the UK, Europe and America. The virus can cause a significant problem in flocks of sheep by reducing the percentage of lambs that survive dramatically, hence having a large economic impact on farmers.
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|linktext =VIRUSES
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|sublink1=Flaviviridae
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|subtext1=FLAVIVIRIDAE
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|pagetype =Bugs
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The virus has a tropism for foetal lymphoid tissue, hair follicles, and the central nervous system (CNS) and causes abortion in affected animals or the birth of weak lambs. ''''Hairy shaker lambs'''' are born with hair and not wool and the disease can also be associated with cerebellar hypoplasia. If the sheep or goat is infected in the mid-third of gestation then immunotolerant lambs will be born and no clinical signs will be apparent.
 
  
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== Clinical Signs  ==
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====Hosts====
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*Sheep
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*Goats
  
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Lambs are born with hair not wool and tremble, stagger and appear very weak. Some of these animals also have skeletal abnormalities. It may also be seen as abortion or stillbirth in a flock of sheep, which may appear brown and 'liquid like', so much so, it may be mistaken for scouring in early pregnancy.
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====Pathogenesis====
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*Tropism: fetal lymphoid tissue, hair follicles, and CNS
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*Causes '''abortion''' or '''weak lambs'''
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*'''Hairy shaker lambs''': born with [[Skin Congenital and Hereditary - Pathology#Hypertrichosis|hair instead of wool]]
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**'''Immunotolerant''' status when exposed in mid-third of gestation
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**Also associated with '''cerebellar hypoplasia'''
  
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====Epidemiology====
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*Can cause significant problems to a flock
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*First reported on Welsh borders
  
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== Diagnosis ==
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====Diagnosis====
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*Clinical: abortion and hairy shaker lambs
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*Confirmation by serology: '''ELISA''' for virus '''antigen'''
  
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Clinical signs and birth of hairy shaker lambs, plus knowledge of presence of the disease in the area.
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====Control====
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*'''No UK vaccine'''
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Confirmation by serology: [[ELISA testing|'''ELISA''']] for virus '''antigen.'''
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*Vaccines available in USA and Europe
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*Blood testing sheep can aid in culling seropositive ewes
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== Control  ==
 
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There is no vaccine currently available in the UK, although vaccines are available in the USA and Europe. Blood testing sheep can aid in culling seropositive ewes.
 
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== References ==
 
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Bridger, J and Russell, P (2007) Virology Study Guide
 
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Radostits, O.M, Arundel, J.H, and Gay, C.C. (2000) Veterinary Medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses Elsevier Health Sciences
 
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{{review}}
 
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{{OpenPages}}
 
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[[Category:Pestiviruses]]
 
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[[Category:Lymphoreticular_and_Haematopoietic_Diseases_-_Sheep]]
 
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[[Category:Reproductive_Diseases_-_Sheep]]
 
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[[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Sheep]]
 
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[[Category:Sheep_Viruses]]
 
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[[Category:Goat_Viruses]]
 
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[[Category:Lymphoreticular_and_Haematopoietic_Diseases_-_Goat]]
 
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[[Category:Reproductive_Diseases_-_Goat]]
 
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[[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Goat]]
 
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[[Category:Expert_Review - Farm Animal]]
 

Revision as of 20:36, 21 October 2008


 This article is still under construction.


Infectious agents and parasitesWikiBugs Banner.png
VIRUSES
FLAVIVIRIDAE




Hosts

  • Sheep
  • Goats

Pathogenesis

  • Tropism: fetal lymphoid tissue, hair follicles, and CNS
  • Causes abortion or weak lambs
  • Hairy shaker lambs: born with hair instead of wool
    • Immunotolerant status when exposed in mid-third of gestation
    • Also associated with cerebellar hypoplasia

Epidemiology

  • Can cause significant problems to a flock
  • First reported on Welsh borders

Diagnosis

  • Clinical: abortion and hairy shaker lambs
  • Confirmation by serology: ELISA for virus antigen

Control

  • No UK vaccine
  • Vaccines available in USA and Europe
  • Blood testing sheep can aid in culling seropositive ewes
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