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→Calliphoridae
==Calliphoridae==
==Calliphoridae==
[[Image:Calliphoridae.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pollenia rudis (Calliphoridae) - Richard Bartz, Munich - Wikimedia Commons]]
[[Image:Calliphoridae.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Pollenia rudis (Calliphoridae) - Richard Bartz, Munich - Wikimedia Commons]]
[[Image:Lucilla cuprina.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Lucilla cuprina'' - Wikimedia Commons]]
[[Image:Lucilia cuprina.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''Lucilia cuprina'' - Wikimedia Commons]]
[[Image:Blow fly head.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Blowfly Head Close Up - Martin Pot - Wikimedia Commons]]
[[Image:Blow fly head.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Blowfly Head Close Up - Martin Pot - Wikimedia Commons]]
*The ''Calliphoridae'' family are '''facultative''' parasites
*The ''Calliphoridae'' family are '''facultative''' parasites
'''Species of Veterinary importance'''
'''Species of Veterinary importance'''
*''Lucilla serrata''
*''Lucilia serrata''
**Greenbottles
**Greenbottles
**Bluebottle
**Bluebottle
*''Lucilla cuprina''
*''Lucilia cuprina''
**South Africa, Australia
**South Africa, Australia
**Fleshfly
**Fleshfly
'''Recongition of Adults'''
'''Recognition of Adults'''
*Medium sized flies under 10mm long
*Medium sized flies under 10mm long
**Process takes 1-2 weeks
**Process takes 1-2 weeks
*Larvae falls to the fround to pupate
*Larvae falls to the ground to pupate
*Adult emerges in under a week (during summer)
*Adult emerges in under a week (during summer)
*Divided into categories depending on their ability to initiate strike
*Divided into categories depending on their ability to initiate strike
**Primary flies are capable of initiating a strike on living sheep so larvae can penetrate intact skin
**Primary flies are capable of initiating a strike on living sheep so larvae can penetrate intact skin
***E.g. ''Lucilla'', ''Phormia'' and ''Calliphora''
***E.g. ''Lucilia'', ''Phormia'' and ''Calliphora''
**Secondary flies cannot initiate a strike, larvae attack an area already struck or damaged, extending it
**Secondary flies cannot initiate a strike, larvae attack an area already struck or damaged, extending it
***E.g. ''Callipohora'' and ''Chrysoma'' (in warmer climates)
***E.g. ''Calliphora'' and ''Chrysoma'' (in warmer climates)
**Tertiary flies attack lesions on carcasses which have become dry
**Tertiary flies attack lesions on carcasses which have become dry
***E.g. ''Musca'' and ''Sarcophaga'' spp.
***E.g. ''Musca'' and ''Sarcophaga'' spp.
*Host susceptibility is increased when putrefactive odours develop on the fleece due to bacterial decomposition of organic matter
*Host susceptibility is increased when putrefactive odours develop on the fleece due to bacterial decomposition of organic matter
**Merino sheep have a narrow breach area with excessive wrinkling making them more suceptible to soiling
**Merino sheep have a narrow breech area with excessive wrinkling making them more susceptible to soiling
**A narrow opening of the penile sheath in rams and wethers may result in accumulation of urine and increase blowfly strike in this area
**A narrow opening of the penile sheath in rams and wethers may result in accumulation of urine and increase blowfly strike in this area
**Cuts during shearing, fighting and barbed wire will also increase the incidence of blowfly strike
**Cuts during shearing, fighting and barbed wire will also increase the incidence of blowfly strike
'''Pathogenesis'''
'''Pathogenesis'''
*Severe skin damage
*Severe skin damage
**Larvae lacerate skin with oral hooks and liquefy host tissue by secreting proteloytic enzymes
**Larvae lacerate skin with oral hooks and liquefy host tissue by secreting proteolytic enzymes
*Skin lesions are extended and deepened
*Skin lesions are extended and deepened
**Poor weight gain (often the first clinical sign)
**Poor weight gain (often the first clinical sign)
*Risk of strike is highest in warm, dry weather
*Risk of strike is highest in warm, moist weather
'''Clinical Signs'''
'''Clinical Signs'''
*Anorexia, listness, animals standing apart from flock
*Anorexia, listlessness, animals standing apart from flock
*Fleece may appear darker, be damp and have a foul smell
*Fleece may appear darker, be damp and have a foul smell
*Larvae are '''obligate''' parasites
*Larvae are '''obligate''' parasites
'''Recongition'''
'''Recognition'''
*Similar to ''Calliphora''
*Similar to ''Calliphora''
**Irridescent
**Iridescent
**Clear wings
**Clear wings
**Blue abdomen
**Blue abdomen
*In Africa
*In Africa
**Introduced into Libya through the importation of infested livestock
**Introduced into Libya through the importation of infested livestock
**Sterile meales released
**Sterile males released
**Eradication occured in 1991
**Eradication occurred in 1991
====Maggot Debridement Therapy====
====Maggot Debridement Therapy====
[[Image:Maggot Therapy.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Maggot therapy on a wound - Wikimedia Commons]]
[[Image:Maggot Therapy.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Maggot therapy on a wound - Wikimedia Commons]]
*Human medicine
*Human medicine
**Sterile ''Lucilla sericata'' maggots used to treat infected and necrotic wounds
**Sterile ''Lucilia sericata'' maggots used to treat infected and necrotic wounds
**Larvae secrete proteolytic enzymes and antimicrobial agents into the wound
**Larvae secrete proteolytic enzymes and antimicrobial agents into the wound
***Larvae do not burrow under the skin or attack healthy tissue
***Larvae do not burrow under the skin or attack healthy tissue
*Parasite of mink and sometimes humans
*Parasite of mink and sometimes humans
'''Recongition'''
'''Recognition'''
*Large 8-14mm long
*Large 8-14mm long