Insecta Flashcards

INSECTA WIKIBUGS FLASHCARDS

Lucilla cuprina - Wikimedia Commons

Insecta

Question	Answer		Article
Fill in the missing words about the insect body	The outer layer of the exoskeleton is called the <font color		Link to Article
What are halteres?	Reduced pair of wings Used for balance Possessed by diperan flies		Link to Article
What are spiracles?	Chitinous openings On the side of the body Under muscular control so can open and close at will Mounted on stimatic plates Leads to trachea Can be used for species identification		Link to Article
What is the name of the general insect body system?	Haemocoele		Link to Article
What are oviparous insects?	Lay eggs outside of the body which hatch after deposition		Link to Article
What are viviparous insects?	Lay larvae or nymphs Eggs rupture in female reproductive system		Link to Article
Summarise simple metamorphosis and give an example of a species of insect which uses it	Nymph emerges from egg Nymph grows and moults Nymph becomes an adult Lice		Link to Article
Summarise complex metamorphosis and give an example of a species of insect which uses it	Larva emerges from egg Larva grows and moults Larva pupates Adult emerges from pupa Flies		Link to Article

Fleas

Question	Answer		Article
What is the most common species of flea which infects cats and dogs?	Ctenocephalides felis Cat flea		Link to Article
Which flea only has pronotal combs?	Ceratophyllus gallinae Poultry flea		Link to Article
What are the key features of Pulex irritans?	No combs Head rounded anteriorly		Link to Article
How is the life cycle of Spilopsyllus cuniculi scynchronised with their main hosts the rabbit?	Shortly before the doe gives birth the adult fleas attach to the ears of the rabbit and feed producing a lot of faeces After parturition the adult fleas move onto the kittens where they feed, mate and lay eggs The new adult fleas emerge from the pupa before the kittens leave the nest		Link to Article
How long do adult fleas live?	7-10 days		Link to Article
What do flea eggs look like?	Ivory-white Oval shaped 0.5mm long		Link to Article
Which life cycle stage is negatively phototropic and what does this mean?	Larvae Crawl away from light sources		Link to Article
What is the name of the flea juvenile hormone?	Methoprene		Link to Article

Lice

Question	Answer		Article
What are the characteristics of chewing lice?	Broad head Rasping mouthparts Thorax narrower than head		Link to Article
True or False: Chewing lice are found on both mammals and birds?	True Occurs on both mammals and birds		Link to Article
What are the characteristics of sucking lice?	Narrow head Piercing mouthparts Thorax wider than head Powerful legs		Link to Article
True or False: Sucking lice are found on both mammals and birds?	False Occurs on mammals only		Link to Article
How long does the louse life cycle take?	2-3 weeks		Link to Article
What is the name of the generalised condition lice cause?	Pediculosis		Link to Article
Which species is affected by only sucking lice?	Pigs		Link to Article
Are birds affected by sucking or chewing lice?	Chewing		Link to Article
True or False: Mallophaga are more susceptible to systemic insecticides than Alloplura?	False Anopleura lice are more susceptible to systemic insecticide treatment		Link to Article

Nuisance Flies

Question	Answer		Article
What are the two Muscidae species of veterinary importance?	Hydrotaea irritans Head fly Musca spp. Face and house flies		Link to Article
What is the main difference between biting and nuisance flies?	Nuisance flies have sponge-like labellum mouthparts Biting flies have pointed mouthparts for sucking blood		Link to Article
How do Musca spp. cause production losses?	Fly worry Reduced weight gain Reduced milk yield		Link to Article
Give some examples of disease Musca' spp. transmit	Viruses E.g. Enteroviridae Bacteria E.g. Anthrax Helminths E.g. Habronema		Link to Article
True or False: H. irritans larvae undergo diapause?	True Larvae undergo diapause and pupate in spring		Link to Article
What problems can H. irritans cause in livestock?	Summer mastitis in cattle Broken Head in sheep Can increase the incidence of secondary blowfly stirke		Link to Article

Biting Flies

Question	Answer		Article
Is Stomoxys calcitrans a visiting or resident biting fly?	Visiting		Link to Article
What are the main recognisable features of Stomoxys calcitrans?	Forward pointing proboscis Grey colouring Grey stripes on thorax and black spots on abdomen Clear wings		Link to Article
How do Stomoxys calcitrans cause production losses?	Decrease milk production Decrease weight gain Cause fly worry		Link to Article
Which retrovirus is Stomoxys calcitrans a vector for?	Equine infectious anaemia		Link to Article
What is Haematoba irritans more commonly known as?	The horn fly		Link to Article
Why is Haematoba irritans easier to control than visiting biting flies?	Is a resident fly Spends more time in contact with the host		Link to Article
What are the three most important species of Tabanidae?	Tabanus Chrysops Haematopota		Link to Article
How could you identify Tabanidae species solely on looking at their wing venation?	Closed discal cell wing venation		Link to Article
Why do Simuliidae species have a hump-backed appearance?	Arched thorax produced a hump-backed appearance		Link to Article
Why is the life cycle of Simuliidae species?	Eggs laid on plants or stones under flowing water Larvae attach to submerged rocks and pupate Conical shaped cocoon Adults emerge en masse Life cycle takes one month to complete		Link to Article
What are Glossinidae species more commonly known as and which trypanosomal disease do they transmit to humans?	Tsetse flies Sleeping sickness		Link to Article
Why are Ceratopogonidae species a problem to livestock	Causes sweet-itch in horses Are vectors for blue tongue Vectors for parasites such as Onchocerca in cattle Cause skin infections in livestock		Link to Article
What are Culicidae species better known as?	Mosquitos		Link to Article
True or False: Both male and female Culicidae suck blood?	False Only female mosquitos suck blood		Link to Article
What are Psychodidae the main vectors for?	Leishmaniasis		Link to Article
What are Hippobosca more commonly known as?	Forest flies		Link to Article
What are Melophagus more commonly known as?	Sheep ked		Link to Article
What are the main recognisable features of Melophagus species?	Hairy Reddish-brown colouring Forward pointing proboscis Narrown head Dorso-ventrally flattened Wingless		Link to Article
Are Melophagus species resident or visiting flies?	Resident Spend the entire life cycle on the host		Link to Article

Myiasis Producing Flies

Question	Answer		Article
What is myiasis?	The parasitism of living animals by dipteran larvae		Link to Article
Are Oestridae species obligatory or facultative parasites?	Obligatory		Link to Article
What are Hypoderma species more commonly known as and what do they look like?	Warble flies Look like bumble bees Yellow abdomen Band of black hairs		Link to Article
Where in the body are the winter resting sites of Hypoderma species?	Epidural fat in the spinal canal for H. bovis Wall of the oesophagus for H. lineatum		Link to Article
How many generations of warble flies are there per year?	One		Link to Article
Why are warble flies a problem?	Cause production losses Cause myositis Causes paraplegia		Link to Article
What are Oestrus ovis species also known as?	Sheep nasal bot flies		Link to Article
How are the Oestrus ovis larvae distinguished?	Distinct black bands on each body segment		Link to Article
If Oestrus ovis larvae are deposited in late summer, where in the sheep can they overwinter?	In the nasal cavity		Link to Article
True or False: Oestrus ovis larvae cause true gid in sheep?	False Larvae cause false gid		Link to Article
What are the three main species of Gasterophilus in the UK, also known as the horse bot fly?	G. intestinalis G. nasalis G. haemorrhoidalis		[[|Link to Article]]
Where does Gasterophilus species lay their eggs on the horse?	G. intestinalis lays its eggs in the hair around the shoulders and fore legs G. nasalis lays its eggs in the intermandibular area G. haemorrhoidalis lays its eggs around the lips		Link to Article
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What are the Gasterophilus larvae called once they have attached to the gastric mucosa?	Bots		Link to Article
Where do Dermatobia hominis lay their eggs?	On blood sucking flies		Link to Article
How long is the life cycle of Dermatobia hominis?	4 months		Link to Article
Are Calliphoridae species obligatory or facultative parsites?	Facultative		Link to Article
What is the name of the condition caused by Calliphoridae?	Blowfly strike If the fly lays eggs on an animal, the animal is said to be blown The damage the larvae causes to the animal is known as strike		Link to Article
Where are blowfly eggs laid on an animal?	On soiled fleece On carrion In wounds		Link to Article
How many generations of blowflies develop per year?	Up to 4 per year in temperate climates Up to 10 per year in warmer climates		Link to Article
What factors influence the prevalence of blowfly strike?	Temperature Rainfall Host suceptibility		Link to Article
What are the recognisable features of Wohlfahrtia species?	Pale grey colouring Black striped on thorax and black spots on abdomen		Link to Article