Helminth Flashcards

HELMINTHS WIKIBUGS FLASHCARDS

Cestodes

Question	Answer		Article
Fill in the missing words about cestodes: A cestode (tapeworm) is a chain (???) of progressively maturing reproductive units called ??? anchored at one end to the intestinal wall by a hold-fast organ called the ???.	strobila proglottids scolex		Link to Article
What species of Taenia occur in dogs?	Taenia ovis Taenia hydatigena Taenia pisiformis Taenia multiceps Taenia serialis		Link to Article
Describe the features of a cysticercus	Fluid filled bladder, containing a single invaginated head (protoscolex) - seen as a white blob on the wall of the cyst		Link to Article
In which host(s) would you expect to find the cysticercus of T. hydatigena and where in the host might it be found?	Sheep (mostly)' Cattle Pigs Found in the peritoneal cavity		Link to Article
What is the difference between a coenurus and a cysticercus?	A coenurus is a fluid filled bladder with multiples (dozens) of inverted scolices attached to the wall Whereas the cysticercus has only a single inverted scolex.		Link to Article
How does the distribution of hydatid cysts differ in sheep, horses and humans?	Sheep		Link to Article
What tapeworms occur in the cat?	Taenia taeniaeformis Dipylidium		Link to Article
Why is it so difficult to prevent many cats from becoming re-infected with T. taeniaeformis?	The intermediate hosts are mice and other small mammals that are hunted		Link to Article
Where in the host (horse) would you expect to find Anoplocephala?	Ileo-caecal junction		Link to Article
Why are Anoplocephala eggs rarely seen on routine faecal examination?	They are dense structures and do not always float in the flotation media used in routine diagnosis		Link to Article
Why is it so difficult to prevent grazing horses from becoming re-infected with Anoplocephala?	The intermediate hosts are ubiquitous free-living pasture mites		Link to Article
Describe the appearance of Moniezia	Long tapeworm (up to 2m) Segments much wider than they are long		Link to Article
Why is T. solium more dangerous to human health than T. saginata?	If T. solium eggs get into the human small intestine, they will hatch and cysticerci can establish in the musculature and CNS. This does not happen with T. saginata.		Link to Article

Trematodes

Question	Answer		Article
What are the most diagnostic features of the Fasciola hepatica egg?	Oval and brown Granular contents Operculum ('trap-door') at one end Double the size of a typical strongyle egg		Link to Article
Fill in the missing words about Lymnaea truncatula: Lymnaea truncatula is the intermediate host for (???). It is found in ???, and feeds on ???. It has a ??? with 5-6 spirals.	Fasciola hepatica muddy areas slimy green algae brown-black shell		Link to Article
What is the post mortem appearance of the liver in cases of acute fasciolosis?	Haemorrhagic tracts Enlarged, pale and friable		Link to Article
What time of year do the clinical signs of chronic fasciolosis become apparent?	January - March		Link to Article
Why is Dicrocoelium less pathogenic than Fasciola?	Migrates directly up the common bile duct and therefore does NOT migrate through the parenchyma (unlike Fasciola)		Link to Article
Is Paramphistomum found in the UK?	Rare in the UK, but can cause severe losses in ruminants in the wet tropics		Link to Article
What is the major cause of pathogenicity in schistosome infections?	The eggs have a spike to help them work their way into the intestine or urinary bladder This causes mechanical damage and inflammatory responses that are exacerbated by antigens released by the eggs		Link to Article

Nematode Flashcards