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| − | {{OpenPagesTop}}
| + | *Hydatid Disease |
| − | {{Taxobox
| + | *final host |
| − | |name =''Echinococcus granulosus
| + | **dog, fox, and other canids |
| − | |kingdom =Animalia
| + | *intermediate host |
| − | |phylum =Platyhelminthes
| + | **sheep most commonly affected |
| − | |class =[[Cestodes|Cestoda]]
| + | **ox and horses |
| − | |sub-class =[[Cyclophyllidea]]
| + | NB: can also affect man - zoonosis |
| − | |order =
| + | *'''hydatids''' - the cyst form |
| − | |super-family =
| + | **develops from the ova |
| − | |family =[[Taeniidae]]
| + | **occur in the lung and [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] |
| − | |sub-family =
| + | **cysts are usually multiple |
| − | |genus =Echinococcus
| + | **5-10cm in diameter |
| − | |species ='''''E. granulosus'''''
| + | **contain a clear fluid with numerous scolices or '''"hydatid sand"''' |
| − | }}
| + | **the small calcified lesions that are sometimes present in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] of sheep may represent degenerate hydatid cysts |
| − | Also known as: '''''Dwarf dog tapeworm — Hydatidosis
| + | **can be very prevalent in some geographical areas |
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| − | ==Introduction==
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| − | ''Echinococcus granulosus'' is an important zoonosis as it's metacestode, the [[Hydatid Cyst|hydatid cyst]], can develop in humans, as well as in many other animals. The hydatid cyst can grow to the size of a ping-pong ball in sheep, a tennis ball in horses, and a football in man. The metacestode of the related ''[[Echinococcus multilocularis]]'' (the alveolar cyst) is even more dangerous, but fortunately does not occur in the UK. This parasite is from the class [[Cestodes|Cestoda]].
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| − | ==Hosts==
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| − | '''Intermediate hosts''': Equids, Ruminants and man.
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| − | '''Definitive hosts''': Dogs and wild canids.
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| − | ==Identification==
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| − | The adults are 6 mm in length. They have a scolex and three or four individual segments. The brood capsules float in the vesicular fluid, forming 'hydatid sand.'
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| − | ==Life-Cycle==
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| − | There may be several thousand adult tapeworms in an infected animal. The scolex is deeply buried in an intestinal crypt, so microscopic inspection of a mucosal scraping is necessary to detect infection.
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| − | The terminal '''proglottid''' forms approximately half the total length. The proglottids are shed in the faeces. The '''oncosphere''' are capable of surviving in the environment, for up to two years. They are then ingested by the intermediate host e.g. the sheep, where they penetrate the gut lining.
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| − | The oncosphere then travels to the liver and the lungs, where the hydatid begins growth. This is a slow process taking around 6-12 months, and the cysts are capable of growing up to 20cm in length.
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| − | The definitive host e.g. the dog, then ingests the offal of the intermediate host, and the life cycle continues.
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| − | The prepatent period of ''E. granulosus'' is 6-7weeks. No more than one gravid segment is passed by each tapeworm each week. This species therefore has a low biotic potential.
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| − | {{Learning
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| − | |literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=%22Echinococcus+granulosus%22&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&publishedstart=2000&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all&x=67&y=13 ''Echinococcus granulosus'' publications since 2000]
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| − | |videos =[https://wikivet.mediacore.tv/media/equine-liver-with-hydatid-cysts-potcast Equine liver with hydatid cysts potcast] | |
| − | }}
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| − | {{review}}
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| − | {{OpenPages}}
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| | [[Category:Liver_Cestodes]] | | [[Category:Liver_Cestodes]] |
| − | [[Category:Taeniidae]]
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| − | [[Category:Expert_Review - Parasites]]
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| − | [[Category:Respiratory Parasitic Infections]][[Category:Cattle Parasites]][[Category:Sheep Parasites]][[Category:Dog Parasites]]
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| − | [[Category:Sheep Parasites]][[Category:Zoonoses]][[Category:Dog Parasites]]
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