Difference between revisions of "Atrophic Rhinitis"

From WikiVet English
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Created page with '*''B. bronchiseptica'' causes Atrophic rhinitis of pigs in association with [[Pasteurella multocida|''Pasteurella mul…')
(7 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
*''B. bronchiseptica'' causes [[Rhinitis#Bacterial rhinitis|Atrophic rhinitis of pigs]] in association with [[Pasteurella multocida|''Pasteurella multocida'']]
+
*''B. bronchiseptica'' causes [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Bacterial rhinitis|Atrophic rhinitis of pigs]] in association with [[Pasteurella multocida|''Pasteurella multocida'']]
 
*Colonises nasopharynx
 
*Colonises nasopharynx
 
*Infection must occur during first few weeks of life
 
*Infection must occur during first few weeks of life
 
*Produces dermonecrotic toxin which damages osteoblasts, preventing bone formation
 
*Produces dermonecrotic toxin which damages osteoblasts, preventing bone formation
 
*Leads to turbinate atrophy without distortion of the snout in uncomplicated infections
 
*Leads to turbinate atrophy without distortion of the snout in uncomplicated infections
−
*[[Rhinitis#Bacterial rhinitis|Atrophic rhinitis]] results when [[Pasteurella multocida|''Pasteurella multocida'']] colonises and produces osteolytic toxin, leading to bone resorption
+
*[[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Bacterial rhinitis|Atrophic rhinitis]] results when [[Pasteurella multocida|''Pasteurella multocida'']] colonises and produces osteolytic toxin, leading to bone resorption
 
*Malformation of snout in growing pigs as well as poor growth  
 
*Malformation of snout in growing pigs as well as poor growth  
 
*increases with high stocking density and poor ventilation
 
*increases with high stocking density and poor ventilation
−
*Vaccine available
+
*Vaccine available[[Category:Pig]]
−
 
 
−
[[Image:Severe atrophic rhinitis.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Severe atrophic rhinitis (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
 
−
 
 
−
*Atrophy of nasal turbinates and distortion and shortening of the snout 
 
−
*Caused by co-infection of the nasal mucosa with
 
−
**''[[Bordetella bronchiseptica]]''
 
−
***Appears to facilitate colonisation of nasal epithelium by the toxigenic ''Pasteurella''
 
−
**Toxin-producing strain of [[Pasteurella multocida|''Pasteurella multocida'']] capsular type D (or sometimes A)
 
−
***Experimental evidence shows that the toxin acts directly on bone cells of the nasal turbinates to cause bone loss, each pathogen can cause atrophy itself but greater damage when together
 
−
*Exacerbated by adverse dietary and managemental factors
 
−
*In rapidly growing young pigs (4-12 weeks old)
 
−
*Clinical signs
 
−
**Progressive facial deformity with [[Rhinitis#Infectious causes of rhinitis|rhinitis]], catarrhal nasal discharge
 
−
**Sneezing, coughing, can progress to dyspnoea and anorexia
 
−
 
 
−
*Gross pathology
 
−
**Overlying skin on shortened snout is thrown into folds
 
−
**Deviation of the snout to most affected side
 
−
**Various loss of turbinate bone, ventral usually more affected
 
−
**Deviation of nasal septum away from affected chamber
 
−
**Inflammatory, haemorrhagic and ulcerative lesions in the nasal mucosa
 
−
*Micro pathology
 
−
**Reduction in the amount of bone in the turbinates
 
−
**No osteoid laid down between osteoblasts and existing bone
 
−
**Increased fibrous tissue
 
−
**Non-specific mucosal inflammation
 
−
 
 
−
*2 forms of the disease
 
−
**''''Progressive' atrophic rhinitis'''
 
−
***Due to infection of the nasal turbinates by P.multocida strains carrying the toxA gene that encodes for an osteolytic toxin. [[Pasteurella multocida|''P.multocida'']] adheres poorly to mucous membranes, and therefore requires a predisposing nasal insult to assist colonisation eg: co-infection with [[Bordetella bronchiseptica|''B.bronchiseptica'']] or [[Porcine Cytomegalovirus|Porcine cytomegalovirus (inclusion body rhinitis)]]
 
−
***Turbinate bone atrophy is permanent and progressive
 
−
**''''Non-progressive' atrophic rhinitis'''
 
−
***Due to infection of the nasal turbinates by ''[[Bordetella bronchiseptica]]'' strains alone, that carry a gene that encodes for a dermonecrotic toxin.
 
−
***Turbinate bone can regenerate by the time of slaughter
 
−
 
 
−
*''[[Bordetella bronchiseptica]]'' also causes [[Bronchitis#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|broncho]][[Pneumonia Overview#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]]
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
[[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Pig]]
 
−
[[Category:Respiratory_Bacterial_Infections]]
 
−
[[Category:To Do - Respiratory]][[Category:To Do - Major]]
 

Revision as of 14:16, 30 June 2010

  • B. bronchiseptica causes Atrophic rhinitis of pigs in association with Pasteurella multocida
  • Colonises nasopharynx
  • Infection must occur during first few weeks of life
  • Produces dermonecrotic toxin which damages osteoblasts, preventing bone formation
  • Leads to turbinate atrophy without distortion of the snout in uncomplicated infections
  • Atrophic rhinitis results when Pasteurella multocida colonises and produces osteolytic toxin, leading to bone resorption
  • Malformation of snout in growing pigs as well as poor growth
  • increases with high stocking density and poor ventilation
  • Vaccine available
Retrieved from "https://en.wikivet.net/index.php?title=Atrophic_Rhinitis&oldid=68936"