Difference between revisions of "Syngamus trachea"

From WikiVet English
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 12: Line 12:
  
 
''S. bronchialis'' is a nematode of the superfamily ''strongyloidea'', and are found worldwide.  It commonly affects the lungs of many game birds within the UK.
 
''S. bronchialis'' is a nematode of the superfamily ''strongyloidea'', and are found worldwide.  It commonly affects the lungs of many game birds within the UK.
 +
 +
 +
 +
'''Scientific Classification'''
 +
 +
{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1" 
 +
| Kingdom
 +
| Animalia
 +
|-
 +
| Phylum
 +
| Nematoda
 +
|-
 +
| Class
 +
| Secernentea
 +
|-
 +
| Order
 +
| Strongylida
 +
|-
 +
| Family
 +
| Syngamidae
 +
|-
 +
| Genus
 +
| Syngamus
 +
|-
 +
| Species
 +
| '''S. trachea'''
 +
|}
  
 
==Hosts==
 
==Hosts==
Line 20: Line 47:
  
 
==Life Cycle==
 
==Life Cycle==
 +
L1-L3 develops in the egg.  Infection may be via ingestion of L3 in the egg, or a hatched L3, or ingestion of a paratenic host, most commonly the earthworm.
  
 +
The L3 then penetrate the intestine, and enter the lungs.  The L3 then undergo 2 further moults, and copulation occurs in the trachea a few days later.
  
−
*The 'gapeworm' - an atypical strongyloid.
+
The prepatent period of ''S. trachea'' is between 16 and 20 days.
−
*Deep red in colour.
 
−
*'Y'-shaped as the smaller male is permanently attached to the female.
 
−
*Lives in the trachea.
 
−
*Wide host range, including many wild birds (rooks and crows commonly affected) as well as poultry and game birds.
 
−
*Causes respiratory distress ('''gapes'''), especially in young birds.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Life-Cycle ====
 
−
*The egg is like a typical strongyle egg, except that there is an operculum at each end.
 
−
*Infective larva develops inside the egg.
 
−
*Birds can be infected by ingesting:
 
−
**the larvated egg
 
−
**the larva after hatching out of the egg
 
−
**or by eating an earthworm (transport host) that has previously swallowed an egg or larva.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Epidemiology ====
 
−
Gapes is a common and serious problem in pheasant poults. A common sequence of events is as follows:
 
−
*Infected wild birds (e.g. crows):
 
−
 
 
−
→ droppings on ground
 
−
 
 
−
→ soil contaminated with ''Syngamus'' eggs
 
−
 
 
−
→ earthworms infected
 
−
 
 
−
→ reservoir of infection
 
−
 
 
−
→ eaten by pheasant poults reared on earth-floored pens in woodland
 
  
−
→ disease.
 
  
 
[[Category:Strongyloidea]][[Category:Poultry Nematodes]]
 
[[Category:Strongyloidea]][[Category:Poultry Nematodes]]
 
[[Category:To_Do_-_Max]]
 
[[Category:To_Do_-_Max]]

Revision as of 11:56, 16 July 2010


 This article is still under construction.


Also known as: Gapeworm


Syngamus parvis
Syngamus gracilis

S. bronchialis is a nematode of the superfamily strongyloidea, and are found worldwide. It commonly affects the lungs of many game birds within the UK.


Scientific Classification

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Nematoda
Class Secernentea
Order Strongylida
Family Syngamidae
Genus Syngamus
Species S. trachea

Hosts

Chicke, turkey, pigeon and game birds.

Identification

The female is deep red in colour, and the male is white. They are permanently copulating forming a Y shape. The worms have large buccal capsules.

Life Cycle

L1-L3 develops in the egg. Infection may be via ingestion of L3 in the egg, or a hatched L3, or ingestion of a paratenic host, most commonly the earthworm.

The L3 then penetrate the intestine, and enter the lungs. The L3 then undergo 2 further moults, and copulation occurs in the trachea a few days later.

The prepatent period of S. trachea is between 16 and 20 days.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikivet.net/index.php?title=Syngamus_trachea&oldid=72871"