Difference between revisions of "Glossinidae"

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{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1"
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{{Taxobox
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| Also known as:
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|name              = Glossinidae spp.
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| '''TseTse flies
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|kingdom            = Animalia
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|-
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|phylum            = [[:Category:Arthropods|Arthropoda]]
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|}
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|class              = [[Insecta]]
 
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|sub-class          =
 
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|order              = Diptera
 
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|super-family      = Hippoboscoidea
 
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|family            = Glossinidae
 
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|sub-family        =
 
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|genus              = Glossina
 
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|species            =
 
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}}
 
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Also known as: '''''TseTse flies
 
  
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==Introduction==
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The only genus in the family ''Glossinidae'' is ''Glossina'', more commonly known as TseTse flies.  They are solely found in sub-Sahara Africa, and feed on the blood of vertebrates.
  
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The only genus in the family ''Glossinidae'' is ''Glossina'', more commonly known as TseTse flies.  They are solely found in sub-Sahara Africa, and feed on the blood of vertebrates.
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[[Image:Glossinidae.jpg|150px|thumb|right|'''Glossinidae (Image sourced from Abb. aus Meyers Lexikon, Wikimedia Commons) ''']]
  
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[[Image:Glossinidae.jpg|150px|thumb|right|'''Glossinidae''' <br> Abb. aus Meyers Lexikon 1888, Wikimedia Commons)]]
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==Scientific Classification==
  
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==Hosts==
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{| cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="1" 
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Various mammals, reptiles and birds.
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| Kingdom
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| Animalia
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|-
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| Phylum
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| Arthropoda
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|-
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| Class
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| Insecta
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|-
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| Order
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| Diptera
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|-
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| Superfamily
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| Hippoboscoidea
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|-
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| Family
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| Glossinidae
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|-
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| Genus
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| Glossina
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|}
  
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
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TseTse flies are 6-13mm in length, and have long, prominent forward pointing proboscis.  They have a green thorax, and a yellow/brown abdomen.  The wings contain a very characteristic 'butchers cleaver' shape.
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TseTse flies are 6-13mm in length, and have long, prominent forward pointing proboscis.  They have a green thorax, and a yellow/brown abdomen.  The wings are a very characteristic 'butchers cleaver' shape.
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==Life cycle==
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*Single larvae laid in shrubs
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*Larvae wriggles into the soil to pupate
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*Adult fly emerges 1 month later
  
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The larvae are a creamy white colour, and clearly segmented.
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*Life cycle take '''2 months''' to complete
  
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==Life cycle==
 
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The females are viviparous, and only lay a single egg at a time.  The fertilized eggs are held in the oviduct, where they hatch into larvae.  The larvae develop, and when they are fully mature the larvae drop onto the ground.
 
  
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The larvae then form pupae.  This process takes several weeks, but can be considerably longer under cool conditions.  The pupae transform into adults around one month later.  The TseTse flies are blood feeders, and the females will require several good blood meals, before producing their first larva.
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'''Pathogenesis'''
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*Painful, irritating bites
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**Both males and females suck blood
  
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The complete life cycle of the ''Glossina'' takes 2 months.
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*Transmit trypanosomes
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**Cause 'nagana' (wasting) disease in cattle and 'sleeping sickness' in humans
  
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{{Learning
 
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|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=Glossinidae&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=OR&q2=%22TseTse%22&occuring2=title&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&publishedstart=2000&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all&x=43&y=18 Tse tse fly publications]
 
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}}
 
  
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'''Control'''
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*Scrub clearance to remove resting sites
  
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{{review}}
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*Ground and aerial spraying with [[Ectoparasiticides|insecticides]]
  
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{{OpenPages}}
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*Localised eradication using baited traps
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**Dark coloured cloth
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**Synthetic cattle urine
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**[[Ectoparasiticides|Insecticide]]
  
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*Sterile male insect release
  
 
[[Category:Biting_Flies]]
 
[[Category:Biting_Flies]]
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Max]]
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[[Category:Expert_Review]]
 

Revision as of 12:26, 16 July 2010

Also known as: TseTse flies

The only genus in the family Glossinidae is Glossina, more commonly known as TseTse flies. They are solely found in sub-Sahara Africa, and feed on the blood of vertebrates.

Glossinidae (Image sourced from Abb. aus Meyers Lexikon, Wikimedia Commons)

Scientific Classification

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Arthropoda
Class Insecta
Order Diptera
Superfamily Hippoboscoidea
Family Glossinidae
Genus Glossina

Identification

TseTse flies are 6-13mm in length, and have long, prominent forward pointing proboscis. They have a green thorax, and a yellow/brown abdomen. The wings are a very characteristic 'butchers cleaver' shape.

Life cycle

  • Single larvae laid in shrubs
  • Larvae wriggles into the soil to pupate
  • Adult fly emerges 1 month later
  • Life cycle take 2 months to complete


Pathogenesis

  • Painful, irritating bites
    • Both males and females suck blood
  • Transmit trypanosomes
    • Cause 'nagana' (wasting) disease in cattle and 'sleeping sickness' in humans


Control

  • Scrub clearance to remove resting sites
  • Localised eradication using baited traps
  • Sterile male insect release
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