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| | + | * Lymphopenia is a redcution in the numbers of lymphocytes in the blood. |
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| − | ==Introduction==
| + | * Occurs in: |
| − | Lymphopenia is a reduction in the numbers of lymphocytes in the blood. This phenomenon is most commonly associated with stress (as part of the '''stress leucogram''') or with viral infection. Causes include:
| + | ** Viruses that attack the lymphoid system. |
| − | *[[Stress Leucogram|Stress leucogram]], characterised by '''[[Neutrophilia|neutrophilia]]''', '''[[Monocytosis|monocytosis]]''', '''[[Eosinopenia|eosinopenia]]''' and '''[[Lymphopenia|lymphopenia]]'''. A similar pattern may occur with hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing’s disease) or exogenous corticosteroid therapy as these hormones selectively suppress lymphocytic activity and the inflammatory response in general. | + | *** For example: |
| − | *Viral infection with [[Canine Distemper Virus|canine distemper]], [[Infectious Canine Hepatitis|Infectious canine hepatitis]], [[Feline infectious enteritis|feline infectious enteritis]] or [[Bovine Viral Diarrhoea|bovine viral diarrhoea]] (BVD) | + | **** [[Paramyxoviridae#Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)|Canine Distemper]] |
| − | *Bone marrow suppression caused by '''chemotherapy''' or '''radiotherapy'''. Since neutrophils have a much shorter circulating half life, they are the first cell line to fall with any insult to the bone marrow but lymphopenia may occur as part of a more severe pancytopenia. | + | **** Infectious Canine Hepatitis |
| − | *Inherited or acquired immunodeficiency syndromes, including '''[[Equine Severe Combined Immune Deficiency|SCID]]''' (Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Syndrome) in Arab foals and [[Feline Immunodeficiency Virus|'''feline immunodeficiency virus''']] infection. | + | **** Feline Infectious Enteritis |
| − | *Leakage of lymphatic fluid may result in loss of lymphocytes, as occurs with '''[[Lymphangiectasia|lymphangiectasia]]''' or '''[[Chylous Effusion|chylothorax]]'''.
| + | **** Bovine Virus Diarrhoea. |
| | + | ** Irradiation |
| | + | ** Corticosteroid therapy. |
| | + | *** Selectively suppresses lymphocytic activity, and the inflammatory response in general. |
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| − | {{Learning
| + | *** Other immunosuppressive drugs may act in a similar way. |
| − | |literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?it=any&q2=lymphopaenia&q1=lymphopenia&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&occuring1=title&show=all&rowId=1&rowId=2&rowId=3&options1=AND&options2=OR&options3=AND&occuring3=freetext&occuring2=title&publishedend=yyyy&la=any&publishedstart=yyyy&fq=sc%3A%22ve%22&y=6&x=40 Publications with 'lymphopenia' in their title]
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| − | }}
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| − | | + | [[Category:Blood Cell Changes]][[Category:To Do - Blood]] |
| − | {{review}}
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| − | ==Webinars==
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| − | <rss max="10" highlight="none">https://www.thewebinarvet.com/clinical-pathology/webinars/feed</rss>
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| − | [[Category:Haematology Changes]][[Category:Expert Review]][[Category:Bullet Points]] | |