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| − | {{review}}
| + | #REDIRECT[[:Category:Spleen - Pathology]] |
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| − | {{toplink
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| − | |backcolour = f5fffa
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| − | |linkpage =Lymphoreticular & Haematopoietic System - Pathology
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| − | |linktext =Lymphoreticular & Haematopoietic System
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| − | |maplink = Lymphoreticular & Haematopoietic System (Content Map) - Pathology
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| − | |sublink1 =Secondary Lymphoid System - Pathology
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| − | |subtext1 =SECONDARY LYMPHOID SYSTEM
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| − | |pagetype =Pathology
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| − | }}
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| − | <br>
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| − | ''NB:Be aware of age-related changes regarding the spleen''
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| − | ==Anatomy & Physiology==
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| − | [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|See here]] | |
| − | ==Splenic Lesions==
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| − | *splenomegaly is the main clinical finding associated with the spleen in disease
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| − | ===Splenitis===
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| − | ===Anthrax===
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| − | ===Torsion===
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| − | ===Haemolytic Anaemia===
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| − | ===Chronic Venous Congestion===
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| − | *this may be seen along with chronic venous congestion of the liver in cases of chronic cardiac failure
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| − | ===Barbituates===
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| − | * administration of barbituates can produce a degree of splenomegaly due to splenic engorgement by erythrocytes
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| − | ===Splenic Tumours===
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| − | *these are important surgically since splenomegaly can be diagnoses clinically by palpation or X-ray and some are surgically curable
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| − | ====Hyperplastic Nodules or Benign Lymphoma====
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| − | *very common incidental findings in older dogs
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| − | *should not be mistakenly identified as pathognomic lesions
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| − | *consist of nodules of hyperplastic white and red pulp
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| − | :- usually 1-2 cms in size, but occasionally may be larger | |
| − | :- spherical | |
| − | :- protrude hemispherically from the surface as yellow and red mottled nodules
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| − | *infrequently, may rupture and give rise to haemorrhage
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| − | ====Haemangioma====
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| − | *benign tumour of dogs
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| − | *may grow to considerable size
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| − | :- the size of the lesion giving rise to clinical signs is compounded by haemorrhage from and into the tumour
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| − | :- thus, a large mass of apple size may be found protruding from the spleen and adherent to the omentum
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| − | *on section, it is largely blood clot
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| − | *responds well to surgery
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| − | :- therefore it must be distinguished from haemangiosarcoma
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| − | ====Haemangiosarcoma====
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| − | *highly malignant tumour of dogs
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| − | *distinguished from the superficially similar haemangioma by the presence of much more formed, solid tumour tissue
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| − | *accurate prognosis demands histological examination
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| − | *secondaries are common locally in the [[Peritoneal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology#Omentum|omentum]] and in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
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| − | :- course is usually short, often only a month or two
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| − | :- metastases may occur in almost every organ
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| − | ====Haematopoietic Neoplasms====
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| − | =====lymphosarcoma=====
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| − | * splenomegaly occurs in multicentric lymphosarcoma
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| − | *splenic enlargement may be marked if any form of lymphosarcoma is in leukaemic phase
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| − | =====myeloid (granulocytic) leukaemia=====
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| − | *rare
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| − | *all species
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| − | *extreme form with spleen approaching liver size
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| − | =====systemic mastocytosis=====
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| − | *cat
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| − | *extreme form with spleen approaching liver size
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| − | ===Infarction===
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| − | ===Rupture===
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