Difference between revisions of "Diffuse Fibrosing Alveolitis"

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Diffuse Fibrosing Alveolitis/ [[Interstitial Pneumonia]]
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Diffuse Fibrosing Alveolitis/ Interstitial Pneumonia
  
 
*Diffuse inflammatory process which occurs distal to the terminal bronchioles
 
*Diffuse inflammatory process which occurs distal to the terminal bronchioles
 
*Characterised by thickening and fibrosis of the alveolar walls  
 
*Characterised by thickening and fibrosis of the alveolar walls  
*The precise underlying aetiology of this condition is obscure and it is likely to represent the end stage of a variety of initial insults including '''EAA''' and [[Acute Bovine Pulmonary Emphysema and Oedema|fog fever]]
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*The precise underlying aetiology of this condition is obscure and it is likely to represent the end stage of a variety of initial insults including '''EAA''' and [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and oedema (ABPEE)|fog fever]]
 
*Progression from an acute exudative phase through a proliferative phase (proliferation of type II pneumocytes) to a final irreversible stage of fibrosis is the hallmark of DFA
 
*Progression from an acute exudative phase through a proliferative phase (proliferation of type II pneumocytes) to a final irreversible stage of fibrosis is the hallmark of DFA
 
*The rate of the ensuing fibrosis is heavily dependant on the intensity of the inflammation associated with it  
 
*The rate of the ensuing fibrosis is heavily dependant on the intensity of the inflammation associated with it  
 
*Underlying pathogenesis of the fibrosis is complex and involves a relative increase of type I collagen fibres (dense, high tensile strength) over type III fibres (reticulin)  
 
*Underlying pathogenesis of the fibrosis is complex and involves a relative increase of type I collagen fibres (dense, high tensile strength) over type III fibres (reticulin)  
 
*Stimulation of fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition are thought to be induced by macrophage derived cytokines, e.g. IL-1, TGFalpha and TGFbeta, GM-CSF
 
*Stimulation of fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition are thought to be induced by macrophage derived cytokines, e.g. IL-1, TGFalpha and TGFbeta, GM-CSF
 
[[Image:Diffuse fibrosing alveolitis.jpg|right|thumb|150px|<small><center>Diffuse fibrosing alveolitis (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
 
*Chronic disease of adult cattle occuring sporadically
 
*Probably caused by repeated subclinical incidents of fog fever or farmer's lung
 
*[[Extrinsic Allergic Bronchio-Alveolitis|'''Farmer's Lung''']]
 
**Extrinsic allergic alveolitis
 
**Hypersensitivity of ingested or inhaled moulds
 
**May occur as an outbreak or sporadically in adult cattle
 
 
*'''Hypersensitivity diseases''' often cause an lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia
 
*Chronic interstitial pneumonia progresses to fibrosis
 
**Sometimes called '''pneumonitis'''
 
  
  
 
[[Category:Allergic Respiratory Diseases]][[Category:To Do - Blood]][[Category:To Do - Clinical]]
 
[[Category:Allergic Respiratory Diseases]][[Category:To Do - Blood]][[Category:To Do - Clinical]]
[[Category:Type III Hypersensitivity Diseases]]
 
[[Category:Bronchi and Bronchioles - Pathology]]
 
[[Category:Respiratory System - Inflammatory Pathology]]
 

Revision as of 10:54, 20 August 2010

Diffuse Fibrosing Alveolitis/ Interstitial Pneumonia

  • Diffuse inflammatory process which occurs distal to the terminal bronchioles
  • Characterised by thickening and fibrosis of the alveolar walls
  • The precise underlying aetiology of this condition is obscure and it is likely to represent the end stage of a variety of initial insults including EAA and fog fever
  • Progression from an acute exudative phase through a proliferative phase (proliferation of type II pneumocytes) to a final irreversible stage of fibrosis is the hallmark of DFA
  • The rate of the ensuing fibrosis is heavily dependant on the intensity of the inflammation associated with it
  • Underlying pathogenesis of the fibrosis is complex and involves a relative increase of type I collagen fibres (dense, high tensile strength) over type III fibres (reticulin)
  • Stimulation of fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition are thought to be induced by macrophage derived cytokines, e.g. IL-1, TGFalpha and TGFbeta, GM-CSF