Difference between revisions of "Suid Herpesvirus 1"

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Also know as: '''''Aujeszky's Disease — Pseudorabies — Mad Itch '''''
 
  
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== Introduction ==
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Also known as: '''''Aujeszky's Disease — Pseudorabies — Mad Itch'''''
  
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This disease is notifiable and exotic to the UK. It is still present in Ireland and is not notifiable there. It is present worldwide and is particularly a problem in Eastern Europe. The virus can affect pigs, cattle, horses, cats, dogs and sheep.
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====Hosts====
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*Pigs
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*Cattle
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*Horses
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*Cats
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*Dogs
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*Sheep
  
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The virus affects all animals differently, for instance, in sows, aerosol transmission causes [[bronchopneumonia]] followed by viremia, where as in piglats the virus spreads to neurons, causing encephalitis with convulsions. In other animals the air-borne virus can infect a skin wound and cause pruritus (mad itch), followed by encephalitis.
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====Pathogenesis====
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Sows:
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*'''Aerosol''' transmission causes bronchopneumonia followed by viremia
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*Sows will recover but some may abort
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Piglets:
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*Virus spreads to neurons, causing '''encephalitis''' with convulsions
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*Many die within 2 days
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Other animals:
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*Air-borne virus can infect skin wounds
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*Causes pruritus (mad itch) followed by encephalitis
  
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The latent virus can reactivated by stress, such as mixing of stock or transport.
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====Epidemiology====
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*Latent virus can be reactivated by mixing new stock in with old
  
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== Clinical Signs ==
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====Diagnosis====
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*'''ELISA''' for virus '''antibody'''
  
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Clinical signs vary with different species of animal.
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====Control====
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*England: eradication in the 1980s by serotesting (by ELISA) and culling carriers
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In '''sows''', where the virus causes bronchopneumonia, signs include coughing, serous nasal discharge, increased respiratory rate, increased lung sounds on auscultation and pyrexia and general malaise. Some sows will recover, but in others the disease will cause abortion and occasional death. In '''piglets''', signs are much more severe and many die within 2 days. Signs include pyrexia, malaise, severe depression and convulsions.
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*'''Vaccines''' in Europe and Ireland
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**gE-deleted '''marker vaccines''' stimulate cell-mediated immunity
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In other animals, signs include a severe pruritus followed by encephalitis and signs such as convulsions etc.
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[[Category:Herpesviridae]][[Category:Pig]]
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical/Viruses]]
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== Diagnosis ==
 
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Diagnosis can be by [[ELISA testing|ELISA]] in order to detect virus antibody.
 
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== Control ==
 
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In countries where the disease is endemic, such as Ireland and Europe, there is a vaccine available. These are E-deleted '''marker vaccines''' that work by stimulating cell-mediated immunity.
 
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== References ==
 
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Blood, D.C. and Studdert, V. P. (1999) '''Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary''' (2nd Edition) ''Elsevier Science''
 
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Cowart, R.P. and Casteel, S.W. (2001) '''An Outline of Swine diseases: a handbook''''' Wiley-Blackwell''
 
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Jackson, G.G. and Cockcroft, P.D. (2007) '''Handbook of Pig Medicine''''' Saunders Elsevier''
 
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Straw, B.E. and Taylor, D.J. (2006) '''Disease of Swine''''' Wiley-Blackwell''
 
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Taylor, D.J. (2006) '''Pig Diseases''' (Eighth edition)'' St Edmunsdbury Press ltd''
 
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{{review}}
 
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{{OpenPages}}
 
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[[Category:Herpesviridae]] [[Category:Pig_Viruses]] [[Category:Respiratory_Diseases_-_Pig]] [[Category:Neurological_Diseases_-_Pig]]
 
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[[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Cattle]] [[Category:Neurological_Diseases_-_Cattle]]
 
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[[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Sheep]] [[Category:Neurological_Diseases_-_Sheep]]
 
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[[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Horse]] [[Category:Neurological_Diseases_-_Horse]]
 
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[[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Dog]] [[Category:Neurological_Diseases_-_Dog]]
 
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[[Category:Dermatological_Diseases_-_Cat]] [[Category:Neurological_Diseases_-_Cat]]
 
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[[Category:Hepatitis, Viral]]
 
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[[Category:Expert_Review - Farm Animal]]
 

Revision as of 19:26, 21 August 2010


 This article is still under construction.


Also known as: Aujeszky's Disease — Pseudorabies — Mad Itch

Hosts

  • Pigs
  • Cattle
  • Horses
  • Cats
  • Dogs
  • Sheep

Pathogenesis

Sows:

  • Aerosol transmission causes bronchopneumonia followed by viremia
  • Sows will recover but some may abort

Piglets:

  • Virus spreads to neurons, causing encephalitis with convulsions
  • Many die within 2 days

Other animals:

  • Air-borne virus can infect skin wounds
  • Causes pruritus (mad itch) followed by encephalitis

Epidemiology

  • Latent virus can be reactivated by mixing new stock in with old

Diagnosis

  • ELISA for virus antibody

Control

  • England: eradication in the 1980s by serotesting (by ELISA) and culling carriers
  • Vaccines in Europe and Ireland
    • gE-deleted marker vaccines stimulate cell-mediated immunity
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