Difference between revisions of "Species Differences in Laryngeal Structure"
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| − | + | [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology]] | |
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===Equine=== | ===Equine=== | ||
| − | Fusion of the two plates of the thyroid cartilage is incomplete forming a rostral pointing notch which is a good site for surgical entry into the larynx | + | *Fusion of the two plates of the thyroid cartilage is incomplete forming a rostral pointing notch which is a good site for surgical entry into the larynx |
| + | |||
| + | *Thyroarytenoid muscle is divided into 2 parts- rostral and caudal vocalis which are situated within the vocal folds and vestibular folds | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Cuneiform processes attached to [[Epiglottis|epiglottis]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Prominance (surgical landmark) rostral to opening in thyroid cartilage | ||
===Canine=== | ===Canine=== | ||
| − | + | *Thyroarytenoid muscle is divided into 2 parts- rostral and caudal vocalis which are situated within the vocal folds and vestibular folds | |
| + | |||
| + | *Laryngeal ventricles present | ||
===Feline=== | ===Feline=== | ||
| − | + | *Thick vocal folds | |
| + | |||
| + | *Purring due to vibration of vocal folds (and of the diaphragm) by rapid twitching of laryngeal muscles | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Very sensitive mucosa making intubation tricky | ||
===Ruminants=== | ===Ruminants=== | ||
| − | + | *Thyroid cartilage completely ventral | |
| + | |||
| + | *Small median ventricle is present in sheep and goats | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Narrow glottic cleft making intubation difficult | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Close to the median retropharyngeal lymph node so enlargement of the lymph nodes may compress the larynx as well as the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] | ||
===Porcine=== | ===Porcine=== | ||
| − | + | *Small laryngeal ventricle present | |
| + | |||
| + | *Double corniculate process in arytenoid cartilages | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Stimulation of laryngeal mucosa can results in violent laryngeal spasm | ||
===Avian=== | ===Avian=== | ||
| − | + | *No vocal folds | |
| + | |||
| + | *Sound in the bird is produced in the [[Syrinx - Anatomy & Physiology|syrinx]] | ||
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| + | *Larynx on [[Hyoid Apparatus - Anatomy & Physiology|hyoid apparatus]] | ||
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| + | *Paired arytenoids, one constrictor and one dilator muscle only | ||
| + | |||
| + | *No [[Epiglottis|epiglottis]] | ||
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[[Category:Respiratory System - Anatomy & Physiology]] | [[Category:Respiratory System - Anatomy & Physiology]] | ||
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Revision as of 13:34, 10 September 2010
Equine
- Fusion of the two plates of the thyroid cartilage is incomplete forming a rostral pointing notch which is a good site for surgical entry into the larynx
- Thyroarytenoid muscle is divided into 2 parts- rostral and caudal vocalis which are situated within the vocal folds and vestibular folds
- Cuneiform processes attached to epiglottis
- Prominance (surgical landmark) rostral to opening in thyroid cartilage
Canine
- Thyroarytenoid muscle is divided into 2 parts- rostral and caudal vocalis which are situated within the vocal folds and vestibular folds
- Laryngeal ventricles present
Feline
- Thick vocal folds
- Purring due to vibration of vocal folds (and of the diaphragm) by rapid twitching of laryngeal muscles
- Very sensitive mucosa making intubation tricky
Ruminants
- Thyroid cartilage completely ventral
- Small median ventricle is present in sheep and goats
- Narrow glottic cleft making intubation difficult
- Close to the median retropharyngeal lymph node so enlargement of the lymph nodes may compress the larynx as well as the pharynx
Porcine
- Small laryngeal ventricle present
- Double corniculate process in arytenoid cartilages
- Stimulation of laryngeal mucosa can results in violent laryngeal spasm
Avian
- No vocal folds
- Sound in the bird is produced in the syrinx
- Larynx on hyoid apparatus
- Paired arytenoids, one constrictor and one dilator muscle only
- No epiglottis