Difference between revisions of "Coccidia - Poultry"
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| − | + | [[Image:Buff orpington.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Buff orpington - nabrown RVC]] | |
| + | [[Image:Eimeria Sporulated.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Sporulated ''Eimeria'' - Joaquim Castellà Veterinary Parasitology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona]] | ||
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| + | Domestic poultry and birds are affected by coccidia called Eimeria. Different species of Eimeria that effect poultry are host-specific – meaning that a species that infects chickens does not infect turkeys and vice versa. | ||
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| + | Nine species of Eimeria infect chickens. The species important in broiler production include Eimeria tenella (90%), E. maxima, E. acervulina, and E. mivati; the species important in breeder and egg- layers are E. burnetti and E. necatrix. Seven species infect turkeys – the big three of concern are Eimeria meleagrimitis, E. adenoeides, and E. gallapovonis. | ||
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| + | *Direct life cycle | ||
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| + | *1 week prepatent period | ||
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| + | *After oocysts are ingested, sporozoites are released which penetrate the intestinal epithelium | ||
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| + | *2 asexual phases of multiplication called schizogony occur followed by a phase of sexual multiplication called gametogony | ||
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| + | *Zygote develops into an oocyst which is then shed in the faeces | ||
| + | **Oocyst measures 20-30μm | ||
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| + | *For each oocyst ingested, thousands are shed | ||
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| + | *Life cycle is '''self-limiting''' | ||
| + | **Organisms from a single infection go through the sequence of developmental stages synchronously | ||
| + | **Organisms leave the body simultaneously as oocysts | ||
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| + | *Oocysts are only infective once they have sporulated | ||
| + | **Sporulation requires warmth, moisture and oxygen | ||
| + | **Takes 2-3 days in broiler houses | ||
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| + | *Oocysts contain 4 sporocysts each with 2 sporozoites | ||
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| + | ==Test yourself with the Coccidia Flashcards== | ||
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| + | [[Coccidia_Flashcards|Coccidia Flashcards]] | ||
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| + | [[Category:Coccidia]][[Category:Poultry]] | ||
| + | [[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]][[Category:To Do - Parasites]] | ||
Revision as of 12:26, 29 September 2010
Domestic poultry and birds are affected by coccidia called Eimeria. Different species of Eimeria that effect poultry are host-specific – meaning that a species that infects chickens does not infect turkeys and vice versa.
Nine species of Eimeria infect chickens. The species important in broiler production include Eimeria tenella (90%), E. maxima, E. acervulina, and E. mivati; the species important in breeder and egg- layers are E. burnetti and E. necatrix. Seven species infect turkeys – the big three of concern are Eimeria meleagrimitis, E. adenoeides, and E. gallapovonis.
- Direct life cycle
- 1 week prepatent period
- After oocysts are ingested, sporozoites are released which penetrate the intestinal epithelium
- 2 asexual phases of multiplication called schizogony occur followed by a phase of sexual multiplication called gametogony
- Zygote develops into an oocyst which is then shed in the faeces
- Oocyst measures 20-30μm
- For each oocyst ingested, thousands are shed
- Life cycle is self-limiting
- Organisms from a single infection go through the sequence of developmental stages synchronously
- Organisms leave the body simultaneously as oocysts
- Oocysts are only infective once they have sporulated
- Sporulation requires warmth, moisture and oxygen
- Takes 2-3 days in broiler houses
- Oocysts contain 4 sporocysts each with 2 sporozoites