Difference between revisions of "Chocolate Poisoning-Dog"
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
| − | Toxicity is due to the presence of methylxanthines such as theobromine and caffeine in chocolate. They are also present in stimulant preparations and other products.<ref name="multiple"> '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Emergency and Critical Care'''Second Edition,2007</ref> | + | Toxicity is due to the presence of methylxanthines such as theobromine and caffeine in chocolate. They are also present in stimulant preparations and other products.<ref name="multiple"> '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Emergency and Critical Care'''Second Edition,2007 </ref> |
==Signalment== | ==Signalment== | ||
Dog that live indoors are more likely to have access to chocolate.<ref name="multiples">Tilley Smith'''The 5-Minute Veterinary Consult Canine and Feline''' (Second Edition), ''Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins''</ref> | Dog that live indoors are more likely to have access to chocolate.<ref name="multiples">Tilley Smith'''The 5-Minute Veterinary Consult Canine and Feline''' (Second Edition), ''Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins''</ref> | ||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
===Clinical Signs=== | ===Clinical Signs=== | ||
| − | Chocolate poisoning results in CNS, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular signs.<ref name="multiples">Tilley Smith'''The 5-Minute Veterinary Consult Canine and Feline''' (Second Edition), ''Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins''</ref> | + | Chocolate poisoning results in CNS, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular signs.<ref name="multiples">Tilley Smith'''The 5-Minute Veterinary Consult Canine and Feline''' (Second Edition), ''Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins''</ref>. These signs are observed quite quickly after ingestion of toxic amount of chocolate.<ref name="multiple"> '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Emergency and Critical Care'''Second Edition,2007 </ref> |
| + | |||
*'''CNS:''' hyperexcitability, hyperactivity, ataxia initially can evolve into muscle tremors, clonic seizures and hyperthermia.<ref name="multiples">Tilley Smith'''The 5-Minute Veterinary Consult Canine and Feline''' (Second Edition), ''Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins''</ref>, <ref name="multiple">'''BSAVA Congress 2007 Scientific Proceedings''', p253-254</ref> | *'''CNS:''' hyperexcitability, hyperactivity, ataxia initially can evolve into muscle tremors, clonic seizures and hyperthermia.<ref name="multiples">Tilley Smith'''The 5-Minute Veterinary Consult Canine and Feline''' (Second Edition), ''Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins''</ref>, <ref name="multiple">'''BSAVA Congress 2007 Scientific Proceedings''', p253-254</ref> | ||
*'''Gastrointestinal:''' diarrhoea, emesis, haematemesis, colic.<ref name="multiples">Tilley Smith'''The 5-Minute Veterinary Consult Canine and Feline''' (Third Edition), ''Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins''</ref>, <ref name="multiple">BSAVA Congress 2007 Scientific Proceedings p253-254</ref> | *'''Gastrointestinal:''' diarrhoea, emesis, haematemesis, colic.<ref name="multiples">Tilley Smith'''The 5-Minute Veterinary Consult Canine and Feline''' (Third Edition), ''Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins''</ref>, <ref name="multiple">BSAVA Congress 2007 Scientific Proceedings p253-254</ref> | ||
Revision as of 21:09, 2 November 2010
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This article is still under construction. |
Introduction
Toxicity is due to the presence of methylxanthines such as theobromine and caffeine in chocolate. They are also present in stimulant preparations and other products.[1]
Signalment
Dog that live indoors are more likely to have access to chocolate.[2]
Diagnosis
Clinical Signs
Chocolate poisoning results in CNS, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular signs.[2]. These signs are observed quite quickly after ingestion of toxic amount of chocolate.[1]
- CNS: hyperexcitability, hyperactivity, ataxia initially can evolve into muscle tremors, clonic seizures and hyperthermia.[2], [1]
- Gastrointestinal: diarrhoea, emesis, haematemesis, colic.[2], [1]
- Cardiovascular: arrhythmias,infrequently bradycardia but usually tachycardia.[2], [1]
Laboratory Tests
- Detection of methylxanthines in bodily fluids such as plasma, urine and stomach contents [2].
Pathology
The methylxanthines yield their effects through
Treatment
Prognosis
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Emergency and Critical CareSecond Edition,2007 Cite error: Invalid
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