Difference between revisions of "Category:Rickettsiales"
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− | {{ | + | {{frontpage |
− | + | |pagetitle =Rickettsiales | |
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+ | <categorytree mode=pages>Rickettsiales</categorytree> | ||
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===Overview=== | ===Overview=== | ||
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*Host and cell type specificity | *Host and cell type specificity | ||
*Q fever and Rocky Mountain spotted fever are zoonoses | *Q fever and Rocky Mountain spotted fever are zoonoses | ||
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===Characteristics=== | ===Characteristics=== | ||
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*''Rickettsiaceae'' have cell walls that contain peptidoglycan; they target endothelial cells and leukocytes | *''Rickettsiaceae'' have cell walls that contain peptidoglycan; they target endothelial cells and leukocytes | ||
*''Anaplasmataceae'' lack cell walls; they target erythrocytes | *''Anaplasmataceae'' lack cell walls; they target erythrocytes | ||
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===Epidemiology=== | ===Epidemiology=== | ||
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*Transovarial or trans-stadial transmission occurs in the arthropod vectors | *Transovarial or trans-stadial transmission occurs in the arthropod vectors | ||
*Most ricketsiae have limited survival in the environment, apart from ''Coxiella burnetii'', which undergoes aerosol transmission | *Most ricketsiae have limited survival in the environment, apart from ''Coxiella burnetii'', which undergoes aerosol transmission | ||
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===Pathogenesis and pathogenicity=== | ===Pathogenesis and pathogenicity=== | ||
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*''Ehrlichia'' target leukocytes or platelets, and inhibit phagosome/lysosome fusion | *''Ehrlichia'' target leukocytes or platelets, and inhibit phagosome/lysosome fusion | ||
*''Anaplasmataceae'' localise within vacuoles or on the surface of red blood cells; they may alter red cell antigens causing immune-mediated damage. Anaemia may result from haemolysis or removal of red blood cells | *''Anaplasmataceae'' localise within vacuoles or on the surface of red blood cells; they may alter red cell antigens causing immune-mediated damage. Anaemia may result from haemolysis or removal of red blood cells | ||
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===Identification=== | ===Identification=== | ||
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*Inoculation of susceptible animals | *Inoculation of susceptible animals | ||
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Latest revision as of 21:33, 5 November 2010
Rickettsiales
Overview
- Cause systemic diseases in animals
- Usually use arthropod vectors
- Host and cell type specificity
- Q fever and Rocky Mountain spotted fever are zoonoses
Characteristics
- Non-motile, pleomorphic Gram-negative organisms
- Obligate intracellular pathogens
- Require live cells for culture such as tissue culture cells or embryonated eggs
- Require Romanowsky stains
- Include two families, Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae
- Rickettsiaceae have cell walls that contain peptidoglycan; they target endothelial cells and leukocytes
- Anaplasmataceae lack cell walls; they target erythrocytes
Epidemiology
- Rickettsiae replicate in gut epithelial cells of arthropod vectors and spread to other organs such as salivary glands and ovaries
- Transmission occurs during feeding on the animal host
- Transovarial or trans-stadial transmission occurs in the arthropod vectors
- Most ricketsiae have limited survival in the environment, apart from Coxiella burnetii, which undergoes aerosol transmission
Pathogenesis and pathogenicity
- Many rickettsiae target endothelial cells of small blood vessels; they produce phospholipase which damages phagosome membranes, escaping into the cytoplasm
- Ehrlichia target leukocytes or platelets, and inhibit phagosome/lysosome fusion
- Anaplasmataceae localise within vacuoles or on the surface of red blood cells; they may alter red cell antigens causing immune-mediated damage. Anaemia may result from haemolysis or removal of red blood cells
Identification
- Giemsa-stained blood or tissue smears identify blue/purple organisms
- Fluorescent antibody technique for specific identification
- Isolation in embryonated eggs or tissue culture lines
- Nucleic acid probes and PCR
- Inoculation of susceptible animals
Pages in category "Rickettsiales"
The following 11 pages are in this category, out of 11 total.