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− | ===[[Hypovitaminosis A]]===
| + | #REDIRECT[[:Category:Bones - Metabolic Pathology]] |
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− | ===[[Hypervitaminosis A]]===
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− | ===[[Hypervitaminosis D]]===
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− | ===Fluorine poisoning===
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− | *F is widespread in nature
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− | *Pastures may be contaminated by industrial processes (e.g. brick manufacture)
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− | *'''Acute poisoning''':
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− | **Gastroenteritis
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− | **Nephrosis
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− | *'''Chronic poisoning''':
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− | **''Dental abnormalities''
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− | ***Intoxication during teeth development
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− | ***Foci of poor enamel formation - yellow, dark brown/black, chalky
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− | ***Irregular wear of teeth, chip easily
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− | **''Osteodystrophy = Fluorosis''
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− | ***Generalised skeletal disturbance
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− | ***Most affected are metatarsals and mandibles
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− | ***Periosteal hyperostosis + endosteal bone resorption -> thickened bones with enlarged marrow cavities
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− | [[Category:Bones - Metabolic Pathology]]
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− | [[Category:Toxicology]]
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− | ===Lead poisoning===
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− | *Lead can bind to mineral portion of bone and cartilage
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− | *In young animals ingesting large dose at once
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− | ** -> Lead induced malfunction of osteoclasts
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− | ** -> Transverse band of increased density on radiographs of metaphysis = "lead line" = [[Retention of Elongated Primary Trabeculae|growth retardation lattice]]
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− | [[Category:Bones - Metabolic Pathology]]
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− | [[Category:Toxicology]]
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− | [[Category:Musculoskeletal System - Pathology]]
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