Difference between revisions of "Vaginal Smear for Oestrus Detection in the Bitch"

From WikiVet English
Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
(14 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
{{toplink
+
== Introduction ==
−
|backcolour =EED2EE
 
−
|linkpage =Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology
 
−
|linktext =Reproductive System
 
−
|maplink = Reproductive System (Content Map) - Anatomy & Physiology
 
−
|pagetype =Anatomy
 
−
|sublink1=Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology#Female Reproductive Tract
 
−
|subtext1=FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT
 
−
|sublink2=Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Vagina/Vestibule_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology
 
−
|subtext2=VAGINA
 
−
}}
 
−
<br>
 
  
 +
Vaginal smears can be used to determine the stage of the oestrous cycle. Smears are generally stained with Leishman's or a Trichrome stain such as Shorr's.
  
−
== Vaginal Smear ==
+
== Vaginal Smears ==
 +
 
 +
* At the onset of pro-oestrus, large numbers of erythrocytes are present.
 +
* When true oestrus occurs, the number of erythrocytes is reduced, and the smear consists of superficial cells from the stratified squamous epithelium. Such cells include:
 +
** Anuclear cells
 +
** Cells with pyknotic nuclei
 +
** Large intermediate cells
 +
* Towards the end of oestrus, polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes appear.  These become the dominant cell type during metoestrus.
 +
* In anoestrus,different cell types are present,these are:
 +
** Nucleated basal of the stratified squamous epithelium
 +
** Intermediate cells of the stratified squamous epithelium
 +
** Few [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]]
 +
 
 +
{| style="width:75%; height:200px" border="1"
 +
 
 +
!'''Cell Type'''
 +
!'''Para Basal'''
 +
!'''Small Intermediate'''
 +
!'''Large Intermediate'''
 +
!'''Anuclear Keratinised'''
 +
!'''Red Blood'''
 +
!'''Neutrophils'''
 +
|-
 +
| '''Early Pro-Oestrus'''
 +
| +++
 +
| +++
 +
| +-
 +
| -
 +
| +
 +
| +
 +
|-
 +
| '''Late Pro-Oestrus'''
 +
| +
 +
| ++
 +
| ++
 +
| ++
 +
| +++
 +
| -
 +
|-
 +
| '''Early Oestrus'''
 +
| -
 +
| -
 +
| +++
 +
| ++++
 +
| ++
 +
| -
 +
|-
 +
| '''Late Oestrus'''
 +
| -
 +
| -
 +
| +++
 +
| +++
 +
| -
 +
| +
 +
|-
 +
| '''Ealy Metoestrus'''
 +
| -
 +
| +
 +
| -
 +
| +-
 +
| -
 +
| +++
 +
|-
 +
| '''Anoestrus'''
 +
| ++
 +
| +
 +
| -
 +
| -
 +
| +-
 +
| +
 +
|-
 +
| '''Vaginitis/Pyometra'''
 +
| +-
 +
| +-
 +
| +-
 +
| -
 +
| +-
 +
| ++++
 +
|
 +
|}
  
 
== Vaginal Epithelium ==
 
== Vaginal Epithelium ==
 +
 +
* Anoestrous: low columnar-cuboidal, comprises of 2-3 layers.
 +
* Pro-oestrus: high stratified squamous persists until late stages of oestrus.
 +
* Stratum corneum and the layers immediately beneath it are lost by desquamation during pro-oestrus and oestrus.  This leaves low squamous epithelium, which becomes converted to columnar epithelium 1-3 weeks after the end of oestrus.
 +
* Metoestrus and pregnancy: high columnar, higher than during anoestrus.
 +
* During pro-oestrus, oestrus and early metoestrus, the epithelium and lamina propria are infiltrated with large numbers of [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]], which eventually escape into the vaginal lumen.
 +
 +
 +
 +
[[Category:Female Reproduction]]
 +
[[Category:Bullet Points]]

Latest revision as of 18:06, 3 July 2012

Introduction

Vaginal smears can be used to determine the stage of the oestrous cycle. Smears are generally stained with Leishman's or a Trichrome stain such as Shorr's.

Vaginal Smears

  • At the onset of pro-oestrus, large numbers of erythrocytes are present.
  • When true oestrus occurs, the number of erythrocytes is reduced, and the smear consists of superficial cells from the stratified squamous epithelium. Such cells include:
    • Anuclear cells
    • Cells with pyknotic nuclei
    • Large intermediate cells
  • Towards the end of oestrus, polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes appear. These become the dominant cell type during metoestrus.
  • In anoestrus,different cell types are present,these are:
    • Nucleated basal of the stratified squamous epithelium
    • Intermediate cells of the stratified squamous epithelium
    • Few neutrophils
Cell Type Para Basal Small Intermediate Large Intermediate Anuclear Keratinised Red Blood Neutrophils
Early Pro-Oestrus +++ +++ +- - + +
Late Pro-Oestrus + ++ ++ ++ +++ -
Early Oestrus - - +++ ++++ ++ -
Late Oestrus - - +++ +++ - +
Ealy Metoestrus - + - +- - +++
Anoestrus ++ + - - +- +
Vaginitis/Pyometra +- +- +- - +- ++++

Vaginal Epithelium

  • Anoestrous: low columnar-cuboidal, comprises of 2-3 layers.
  • Pro-oestrus: high stratified squamous persists until late stages of oestrus.
  • Stratum corneum and the layers immediately beneath it are lost by desquamation during pro-oestrus and oestrus. This leaves low squamous epithelium, which becomes converted to columnar epithelium 1-3 weeks after the end of oestrus.
  • Metoestrus and pregnancy: high columnar, higher than during anoestrus.
  • During pro-oestrus, oestrus and early metoestrus, the epithelium and lamina propria are infiltrated with large numbers of neutrophils, which eventually escape into the vaginal lumen.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikivet.net/index.php?title=Vaginal_Smear_for_Oestrus_Detection_in_the_Bitch&oldid=140481"