Difference between revisions of "Systemic Mycoses"

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#REDIRECT[[:Category:Systemic Mycoses]]
 
 
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==Adiaspiromycosis==
 
 
 
*Haplomycosis
 
 
 
*''Emmonsia crescens''
 
**Does not proliferate within the animal body
 
**Each spore develops into a thick-walled spherule called an '''adiaspore'''
 
 
 
*''Chrysosporium parvum, C. crescens''
 
 
 
*Non-contageous, pulmonary mycosis
 
 
 
*Worldwide
 
 
 
*Found in soil
 
 
 
*Affects burrowing rodents and small animals
 
 
 
*Respiratory infection
 
 
 
*Spetate hyphae with large numbers of small, round conidia either singly or in groups on the ends of the short conidiospores can be seen
 
 
 
*Dimorphic
 
 
 
*Grows on Sabauraud's Dextrose agar and Blood agar
 
==Aspergillosis==
 
 
 
*''Aspergillus fumigatus'' causes [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|rhinitis]] and in [[Respiratory Fungal Infections - Pathology#|respiratory tract inflammation]], also [[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of sinusitis|sinusitis]], [[Guttural Pouches Inflammatory - Pathology|guttural pouch mycosis]]
 
*Sometimes appears on [[Nasal Cavity Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology#Progressive ethmoidal haematoma|lesions of ethmoidal haematoma]]
 
 
 
*May cause [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)|COPD]]
 
 
 
==Blastomycosis==
 
 
 
*North America
 
 
 
==Coccidioidomycosis==
 
 
 
*''Coccidioides immitis''
 
 
 
*Ocurs in the soil
 
**Respiratory infections
 
**Most commonly seen following dust storms
 
 
 
*Occurs in arid regions
 
**E.g. South West USA and Mexico
 
 
 
*Non-contageous, systemic mycosis
 
 
 
*Affects dogs, cattle, sheep and humans
 
 
 
*Mainly affects the [[Lungs - Anatomy & Physiology|lungs]]
 
**Dissemination can occur to other organs
 
 
 
*Causes nodule or granuloma formation
 
**Localised
 
**Gross lesions resemble [[Mycobacteria spp.#Bovine tuberculosis|Tb]] in cattle as are usually seen in the bronchial and mediastinal [[Lymph Nodes - Anatomy & Physiology|lymph nodes]] and occasionally [[Lungs - Anatomy & Physiology|lungs]]
 
**Dissemination can occur, especially in primates and dogs, to the [[Lungs - Anatomy & Physiology|lungs]], [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]], [[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]], [[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology|brain]] and [[Bones and Cartilage - Anatomy & Physiology|bones]]
 
 
 
*Thick-walled spherules in tissue
 
**Large sporangia burst leaving 'ghost' spherules
 
 
 
*Saprophytic phase consists of coarse, septate, branching hyphae which fragment into thick-walled, barrel-shaped arthrospores which alternate with empty cells
 
**Stained by Lactose Phenol Cotton Blue
 
 
 
*Grows on Sabouraud's Dextrose agar and Blood agar
 
**Flat, moist colonies which develop a coarse, cotton-like aerial mycelium which varies from white to brown in colour
 
 
 
*Complement fixation test, latex agglutination and immunodiffusion tests can all be used
 
**A positive skin test indicates exposure
 
 
 
==Entomophthoromycisus==
 
 
 
*Basidiobolmycosis
 
 
 
==Histoplasmosis==
 
 
 
*''Histoplasma capsulatum''
 
 
 
*Non-contageous, systemic mycosis
 
 
 
*Commonly pulmonary infections occur
 
**Other organs can be involved
 
 
 
*Endemic to the USA
 
**Isolated cases have been reported in Europe
 
 
 
*Respiratory infection
 
 
 
*Affects dogd, cats, cattle, horses and humans
 
 
 
*Present intracellularly in macrophages as oval yeast cells with few buds
 
 
 
*Found in soil contaminated by bird droppings and in caes inhabited by bats
 
 
 
*Fine, branching, septate hyphae with smooth-walled pyriform to spherical microconidia and large, thick-walled tuberculate macroconidia on simple conidiophores
 
 
 
==Zygomycosis==
 
 
 
*Mucormycosis
 
 
 
==Further Links==
 
 
 
*[[Antifungal Drugs]]
 

Latest revision as of 13:47, 29 April 2010