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| − | {{review}}
| + | #REDIRECT[[:Category:Lice]] |
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| − | ==Phthiraptera introduction==
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| − | [[Image:Arthropod classifiation.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Arthropod Classification - copyright nabrown RVC]]
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| − | Lice are obligate ectoparasites of every avian and most mammalian species. They are only a few millimeters long and like [[Fleas|fleas]], are wingless but unlike [[Fleas|fleas]] are dorsoventrally flattened.
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| − | Lice are host specific, permanent parasites which cause [[Parasitic skin infections - Pathology#Lice|pediculosis]]. The louse saliva and faeces contain allergenic substances which cause irritation, rubbing, licking and skin damage leading to decreased host productivity.
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| − | Mammalian lice species have a single pair of claws on the ends of stout legs, whereas avian lice species have a double claw on each leg.
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| − | There are two main groups of veterinary importance, the mallophaga (chewing lice) and anoplura (sucking lice).
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| − | <big>'''[[Chewing Lice]]
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| − | </big>
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| − | ==Anoplura==
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| − | [[Image:Sucking Louse.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Sucking Louse ''Pediculosis humanus'' - From: Genetic Analysis of Lice Supports Direct Contact between Modern and Archaic Humans Reed DL, Smith VS, Hammond SL, Rogers AR, Clayton DH PLoS Biology Vol. 2, No. 11, e340 doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020340]]
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| − | ''Also known as '''sucking lice''' ''
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| − | *Narrow head
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| − | *Thorax wider than the head
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| − | *Powerful legs
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| − | *Piercing mouthparts
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| − | *Feed on blood and tissue fluids
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| − | *Heavy infestations can cause anaemia
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| − | *Species occur only on mammals
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| − | ==Life cycle==
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| − | *The whole life cycle takes '''2-3 weeks'''
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| − | *The louse spends its whole life on the animal
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| − | **It can however survive for one week off the animal
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| − | *In some species [[WikiWords#P|parthenogenesis]] can occur
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| − | *Close contact transmission can occur
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| − | '''1. Eggs'''
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| − | *Known as nits
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| − | *Cemented to hairs
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| − | '''2. Nymphs'''
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| − | *Nymphs hatch from the egg (no larval stage)
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| − | *Undergoes several moults
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| − | '''3. Adults'''
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| − | *Females can lay up to '''10 eggs per day'''
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| − | <big> '''[[Pediculosis]]'''
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| − | '''[[Lice - Cattle]]
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| − | '''[[Lice - Sheep]]
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| − | '''[[Lice - Pigs]]
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| − | '''[[Lice - Horses]]
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| − | '''[[Lice - Dogs]]
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| − | '''[[Lice - Cats]]
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| − | '''[[Lice - Poultry]]
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| − | '''[[Lice - Donkey]]
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| − | '''[[Lice Flashcards]]
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| − | </big>
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| − | [[Category:Parasites]]
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| − | [[Category:Lice]]
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