Difference between revisions of "Helminth Flashcards"

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{{toplink
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<big>
|linkpage =Helminths
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'''[[Cestodes Flascards]]
|linktext =HELMINTHS
 
|sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBugs
 
|subtext1 =WIKIBUGS FLASHCARDS
 
|pagetype =Bugs
 
}}
 
===Cestodes===
 
<FlashCard questions="13">
 
|q1=Fill in the missing words about cestodes:<p>
 
A cestode (tapeworm) is a chain (???) of progressively maturing reproductive units called ??? anchored at one end to the intestinal wall by a hold-fast organ called the ???.
 
</p>
 
|a1=
 
*strobila
 
*proglottids
 
*scolex
 
|l1=Cyclophyllidea#Introduction
 
|q2=What species of Taenia occur in dogs?
 
|a2=
 
*Taenia ovis
 
*Taenia hydatigena
 
*Taenia pisiformis
 
*Taenia multiceps
 
*Taenia serialis
 
|l2=Taenia#Introduction
 
|q3=Describe the features of a cysticercus
 
|a3=Fluid filled bladder, containing a single invaginated head (protoscolex) - seen as a white blob on the wall of the cyst
 
|l3=Cyclophyllidea#Life-Cycle
 
|q4=In which host(s) would you expect to find the cysticercus of ''T. hydatigena'' and where in the host might it be found?
 
|a4=
 
*Sheep (mostly)'
 
*Cattle
 
*Pigs
 
*Found in the peritoneal cavity
 
|l4=Taenia#Structure and Function
 
|q5=What is the difference between a coenurus and a cysticercus?
 
|a5=
 
*A coenurus is a fluid filled bladder with multiples (dozens) of inverted scolices attached to the wall
 
*Whereas the cysticercus  has only a single inverted scolex.
 
|l5=Cyclophyllidea#Life-Cycle
 
|q6=How does the distribution of hydatid cysts differ in sheep, horses and humans?
 
|a6=
 
*Sheep = most are in the lungs with smaller numbers in the liver
 
*Horses = nearly all are in the liver
 
*Humans = most are in the liver, with some in the lungs and a few elsewhere
 
|l6=Echinococcus#Life-Cycle
 
|q7=What tapeworms occur in the cat?
 
|a7=
 
*Taenia taeniaeformis
 
*Dipylidium
 
|l7=Taenia#Introduction
 
|q8=Why is it so difficult to prevent many cats from becoming re-infected with ''T.  taeniaeformis''?
 
|a8=The intermediate hosts are mice and other small mammals that are hunted
 
|l8=Taenia#Taenia spp of the Cat
 
|q9=Where in the host (horse) would you expect to find ''Anoplocephala''?
 
|a9=Ileo-caecal junction
 
|l9=Anoplocephala#Life-Cycle
 
|q10=Why are ''Anoplocephala'' eggs rarely seen on routine faecal examination?
 
|a10=They are dense structures and do not always float in the flotation media used in routine diagnosis
 
|l10=Anoplocephala#Life-Cycle
 
|q11=Why is it so difficult to prevent grazing horses from becoming re-infected with ''Anoplocephala''?
 
|a11=The intermediate hosts are ubiquitous free-living pasture mites
 
|l11=Anoplocephala#Life-Cycle
 
|q12=Describe the appearance of ''Moniezia
 
|a12=
 
*Long tapeworm (up to 2m)
 
*Segments much wider than they are long
 
|l12=Moniezia#Introduction
 
|q13=Why is ''T. solium'' more dangerous to human health than ''T. saginata''?
 
|a13=If T. solium eggs get into the human small intestine, they will hatch and cysticerci can establish in the musculature and CNS. This does not happen with T. saginata.
 
|l13=Taenia#T. solium, the Pork Tapeworm of Humans
 
</FlashCard>
 
===Trematodes===
 
<FlashCard questions="7">
 
|q1=What are the most diagnostic features of the ''Fasciola hepatica'' egg?
 
|a1=
 
*Oval and brown
 
*Granular contents
 
*Operculum ('trap-door') at one end
 
*Double the size of a typical strongyle egg
 
|l1=Trematodes#Life-cycle stages
 
|q2=Fill in the missing words about ''Lymnaea truncatula'':
 
<p>''Lymnaea truncatula'' is the intermediate host for (???). It is found in ???, and feeds on ???. It has a ??? with 5-6 spirals.</p>
 
|a2=
 
*Fasciola hepatica
 
*muddy areas
 
*slimy green algae
 
*brown-black shell
 
|l2=Fasciola#Lymnaea truncatula
 
|q3=What is the post mortem appearance of the liver in cases of acute fasciolosis?
 
|a3=
 
*Haemorrhagic tracts
 
*Enlarged, pale and friable
 
|l3=Fasciola#Pathogenesis of acute fasciolosis
 
|q4=What time of year do the clinical signs of chronic fasciolosis become apparent?
 
|a4=January - March
 
|l4=Fasciola#Chronic fasciolosis
 
|q5=Why is ''Dicrocoelium'' less pathogenic than ''Fasciola''?
 
|a5=Migrates directly up the common bile duct and therefore does NOT migrate through the parenchyma (unlike ''Fasciola'')
 
|l5=Dicrocoelium#Dicrocoelium dendriticum
 
|q6=Is ''Paramphistomum'' found in the UK?
 
|a6=Rare in the UK, but can cause severe losses in ruminants in the wet tropics
 
|l6=Paramphistomum#Paramphistomum Species
 
|q7=What is the major cause of pathogenicity in schistosome infections?
 
|a7=
 
*The eggs have a spike to help them work their way into the intestine or urinary bladder
 
*This causes mechanical damage and inflammatory responses that are exacerbated by antigens released by the eggs
 
|l7=Schistosoma#Schistosoma Species
 
</FlashCard>
 
  
<big>'''[[Nematode Flashcards]]
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'''[[Trematodes Flashcards]]
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'''[[Nematode Flashcards]]
  
 
'''[[Cattle Nematode Flashcards]]
 
'''[[Cattle Nematode Flashcards]]
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'''[[Horse Nematode Flashcards]]</big>
 
'''[[Horse Nematode Flashcards]]</big>
[[Category:Flashcards]][[Category:Helminths]][[Category:Nematodes]]
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[[Category:Parasite Flashcards]][[Category:Helminths]]

Latest revision as of 13:47, 7 February 2011