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− | {{review}} | + | {{frontpage |
| + | |pagetitle =Pasteurella and Mannheimia species |
| + | |pagebody = The ''Pasteurella'' and ''Mannheimia'' species are small, Gram-negative bacilli or coccobacilli. They are common commensals of the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal mucosa of animals. |
| + | |contenttitle =Content |
| + | |contentbody =<big><b> |
| + | <categorytree mode=pages>Pasteurella and Mannheimia species</categorytree> |
| + | </b></big> |
| + | |logo =bugs-logo copy.png |
| + | }} |
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− | ===Overview ''Pasteurella'' and ''Mannheimia''===
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− | *Common commensals of the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract mucosa of animals
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− | *Usually opportunistic organisms, causing disease during times of stress, low resistance or concurrent infection
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− | *Not part of the human bacterial flora
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− | *Small Gram-negative bacilli or coccobacilli
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− | *Facultative anaerobes
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− | *Oxidase-positive
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− | *May show bipolar staining with polychrome stains such as Wright's stain
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− | *Capsules contain acidic polysaccharides
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− | | + | [[Category:Bacterial Organisms]] |
− | ===''Pasteurella'' Properties===
| + | [[Category:Gram_negative_bacteria]] |
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− | *Catarrhal odour
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− | *Produce endotoxins which cause host damage and death
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− | *Their capsules resist phagocytosis
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− | ===''[[Pasteurella multocida]]''===
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− | ===''[[Pasteurella pneumotropica]]''===
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− | ===''[[Bibersteinia trehalosi]]
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− | ===''Pasteurella canis''===
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− | *Pneumonia in dogs
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− | *Occasionally infects wounds
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− | ===''Pasteurella caballi''===
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− | *Equine respiratory tract disease, usually in association with ''Streptococcus equi'' subspecies [[Streptococci#S. zooepidemicus|''S. zooepidemicus'']]
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− | *Equine peritonitis
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− | ===''Pasteurella aerogenes''===
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− | *Associated with gastroenteritis and abortion in swine
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− | *''Pasteurella'' may be found in [[Bacterial skin infections - Pathology#Deep pyoderma|deep pyoderma]]
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− | ===''Mannheimia''===
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− | ===''Mannheimia haemolytica''===
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− | *Cause of epizootic pneumonia in cattle known as Shipping Fever, Transit Fever or [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Pneumonic pasteurellosis|pneumonic pasteurellosis]] (90% caused by ''Mannheimia haemolytica'' Biotype A, serotype 1 but also ''Pasteurella multocida''
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− | *Usually secondary to viral infections such as [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#Parainfluenza- 3|parainfluenza - 3]] or [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#In Cattle|IBR]], bacterial infections such as ''Mycoplasma'' or environmental stress
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− | *May contribute to [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Enzootic pneumonia of calves|Enzootic pneumonia of calves]]
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− | *Enzootic pneumonia in sheep
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− | * [[Peritoneal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Peritonitis|Peritonitis in sheep]]
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− | * [[Oedema - Pathology#Permeability type|Permeability types of pulmonary oedema]]
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− | *Septicaemia in young lambs
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− | *Causes gangrenous mastitis in sheep
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− | *Beta-haemolytic on blood agar
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− | *Grow weakly on MacConkey agar
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− | *Odourless
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− | *All are ''Mannheimia'' A biotypes (previously ''Pasterurella haemolytica'')
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− | *Strains often produce a cytotoxin, known as leukotoxin, which kills leukocytes of ruminants
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− | *Leukotoxin is a member of the RTX group toxins, and is probably largely responsible for the pathogenicity of the bacteria in septicaemia and pneumonia
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− | ===''Mannheimia glucosida''===
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− | *Previously biotype A11
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− | *Respiratory condition of ruminants[[Category:Bacteria]][[Category:Gram_negative_bacteria]][[Category:Rods]][[Category:Coccobacilli]]
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