Difference between revisions of "Category:Enteritis, Fibrinous/Haemorrhagic"

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==Pathology==
 
==Pathology==
  
 
* The mucosa eroded to produce lesions of darkish-red submucosa covered in dry, crumbly fibrin.
 
* The mucosa eroded to produce lesions of darkish-red submucosa covered in dry, crumbly fibrin.
 
* Is usually caused by severe damage due to secondary bacterial infection following an earlier milder insult.
 
* Is usually caused by severe damage due to secondary bacterial infection following an earlier milder insult.
* Tends to be more severe in the lower [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and upper [[Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|large intestine]].  
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* Tends to be more severe in the lower [[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and upper [[Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|large intestine]].  
 
** Many severe infections tend to get worse further down the gut.  
 
** Many severe infections tend to get worse further down the gut.  
*** Catarrhal change may be seen in the upper [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and fibrinous change in the lower [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]]s.
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*** Catarrhal change may be seen in the upper [[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and fibrinous change in the lower [[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]]s.
 
** In the lower aprt of the bowel, where the inflammation is more severe, disease is more anaerobic.
 
** In the lower aprt of the bowel, where the inflammation is more severe, disease is more anaerobic.
 
*** Lesions are caused by anaerobic organisms- convert mild diseases into more serious disease.
 
*** Lesions are caused by anaerobic organisms- convert mild diseases into more serious disease.
  
==[[Salmonellosis]]==
 
 
 
 
==[[Swine Dysentery]]==
 
 
 
 
==[[Parvovirus Enteritis]]==
 
 
 
 
==Bacterial septicaemia and enteritis==
 
 
* Some severe acute septicaemias cause very severe acute haemorrhagic enteritis with bleeding into the [[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|alimentary tract]].
 
* Death is usually rapid.
 
* Fairly easy to diagnose
 
** [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] is full of dark, tarry, partly clotted blood (like black currant jelly). 
 
* Associated with severe systemic disease, e.g.
 
** '''Anthrax''' in cattle ([[Bacillus anthracis|''Bacillus anthracis'']]).
 
** '''Leptospirosis''' in dogs.
 
*** Especially [[Leptospira|''L. icterohaemorrhagiae'']].
 
* Do not confuse with [[Warfarin Poisoning|warfarin poisoning]].
 
** Also gives blood in [[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]] and intestine BUT there are no signs of inflammatory disease.
 
 
===Lamb Dysentery (Enterotoxaemia with Blood)===
 
 
* [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']] causes very severe acute haemorrhagic enteritis.
 
** Usually affects young farm animals
 
*** May also be seen in pets.
 
* Type B [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']] infection of lambs leads to '''lamb dysentery'''. 
 
 
====Clinical====
 
 
* Lamb dysentery is usually seen in lambs under 2 weeks of age.
 
** Related to being kept in a cold, dirty environment, with build-up of infection during the lambing season. 
 
* Lambs may produce bloodstained [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]] before death, but they often die before this effect is apparent.
 
* Diagnosed by culturing contents of gut.
 
 
====Pathology====
 
 
=====Gross=====
 
 
* The gut is blown and distended with foamy ,bloody contents.
 
* Sometimes ulceration with perforation and fibrinousperitonitis is seen.
 
* Focal or diffuse congestion and haemorrhages.
 
 
=====Histological=====
 
 
*Coagulative necrosis of villi.
 
* Oedema.
 
* Haemorrhage.
 
* Influx of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria and submucosa.
 
 
 
====Similar Conditions====
 
 
* '''Piglets''' show similar disease caused by [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']] type C (and sometimes type B)
 
** May look similar to a volvulus but with no twist present.
 
* In '''adult sheep''' [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']] type B infection causes '''Struck'''.
 
** Enterotoxigenic gastritis.
 
** Acute sudden death with haemorrhagic enteritis
 
** Haemorrhagic enteritis is not as severe as in lambs, and tends to be more patchy.
 
 
===Colitis X===
 
  
* Affects the horse.
 
* Sudden onset with haemorrhages throughout body (shock) and sometimes acute foul smelling diarhoea.
 
* [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] is acutely haemorhagic and oedematous with mucosal necrosis.
 
* Associated with [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']].
 
* Possibly an enterotoxaemia.
 
 
[[Category:Intestine_-_Inflammatory_Pathology_by_Type]]
 
[[Category:Intestine_-_Inflammatory_Pathology_by_Type]]

Latest revision as of 18:30, 15 February 2011


Pathology

  • The mucosa eroded to produce lesions of darkish-red submucosa covered in dry, crumbly fibrin.
  • Is usually caused by severe damage due to secondary bacterial infection following an earlier milder insult.
  • Tends to be more severe in the lower small intestine and upper large intestine.
    • Many severe infections tend to get worse further down the gut.
    • In the lower aprt of the bowel, where the inflammation is more severe, disease is more anaerobic.
      • Lesions are caused by anaerobic organisms- convert mild diseases into more serious disease.

Pages in category "Enteritis, Fibrinous/Haemorrhagic"

The following 6 pages are in this category, out of 6 total.