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Bone Response to Damage (view source)

Revision as of 13:48, 28 September 2007

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<big><center>[[Bones|'''BACK TO BONES''']]</center></big>
 
<big><center>[[Bones|'''BACK TO BONES''']]</center></big>
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 INTRODUCTION 
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Bone is a hard, highly specialised connective tissue comprising interconnected cells embedded in a calcified, collagenous matrix. It is a living, dynamic, responsive tissue, growing and remodelling throughout life. The pathogenesis of many bone diseases is complex and may involve genetic defects, diet or infection (or, horror of horrors, a combination of these).
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A FEW REMINDERS………
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===Introduction===
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I.  NORMAL FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE
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Function: Support/protection, movement, stem cell storage, mineral storage
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*Bone is a hard, highly specialised connective tissue
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Structure: Bone is composed of cells and matrix
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*Consists of interconnected cells embedded in a calcified, collagenous matrix
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*Living, dynamic, responsive tissue, growing and remodelling throughout life
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*Pathogenesis of many bone diseases is complex
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**May involve genetic defects, diet or infection or a combination of these
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*'''Function''':
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**Support/protection
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**Movement
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**Stem cell storage
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**Mineral storage
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Cells: 1.  Osteoblasts
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2.  Osteocytes
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3.  Osteoclasts
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Osteoblasts
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===Normal structure===
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• Mesenchymal cells which arise from bone marrow stroma
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• Produce bone matrix = osteoid
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• Cell membranes are rich in alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
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Osteocytes
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*'''Cells'''
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• Osteoblasts that have become surrounded by mineralised bone matrix
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**'''Osteoblasts'''
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• Occupy cavities called lacunae
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***Mesenchymal cells
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***Arise from bone marrow stroma
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***Produce bone matrix = '''osteoid'''
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***Cell membranes are rich in alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
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Osteoclasts
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**'''Osteocytes'''
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• Multinucleated cells derived from haematopoietic stem cells
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***Osteoblasts that have become surrounded by mineralised bone matrix
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• Responsible for bone resorption (have a brush border for this)
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***Occupy cavities called '''lacunae'''
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Matrix
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**'''Osteoclasts'''
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• Type I collagen forms the backbone of the matrix
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***Multinucleated cells
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• Mineral – accounts for 65% of bone and includes Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Zn, Cu, Na
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***Derived from haematopoietic stem cells
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***Responsible for bone resorption (have a brush border for this)
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Bone organisation
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*'''Matrix'''
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**Type I collagen forms the backbone of the matrix
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**Mineral – accounts for 65% of bone and includes Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Zn, Cu, Na
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===Bone organisation===
 
Osteoblasts deposit collagen in different patterns
 
Osteoblasts deposit collagen in different patterns
  
Bara
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