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Myiasis Producing Flies (view source)
Revision as of 19:37, 9 November 2008
, 19:37, 9 November 2008→Calliphoridae
*''Lucilla cuprina''
*''Lucilla cuprina''
**South Africa
**South Africa, Australia
*''Chrysomya'' spp.
*''Chrysomya'' spp.
**Africa
**Africa, Asia, Australia
*''Wohlfahrtia''
*''Wohlfahrtia''
**Fleshfly
**Fleshfly
'''Recongition'''
'''Recongition of Adults'''
*Medium sized flies under 10mm long
*Metallic sheen to abdomen
**Colour depends on species
*Clear wings
'''Recognition of Larvae'''
*Smooth maggots
*10-15mm long
*Spiracles and stigmatic plates on the tail can be used for species differentiation
'''Life Cycle'''
'''Life Cycle'''
*Eggs laid in wounds, soiled fleece and on carrion
**Females attracted by the odour emitted
**Clusters of yellow/cream eggs laid
*Larvae hatch 24 hours later and crawl down onto the skin
**Feed rapidly
**Grow rapidly
**Moult twice before becoming full maggots
**Process takes 1-2 weeks
*Larvae falls to the fround to pupate
*Adult emerges in under a week (during summer)
*The female reaches sexual maturity after a protein meal
**Lays eggs in batches of 100-200
*Adult flies survive for one month
*Between May and September four generations can develop
**In warmer climates, up to 9 or 10 generations can develop per year
*Flies can survive the winter as pupae and emerge the next spring
'''Epidemiology'''
'''Pathogenesis'''
'''Pathogenesis'''
*Severe skin damage
**Larvae lacerate skin with oral hooks and liquefy host tissue by secreting proteloytic enzymes
*Skin lesions are extended and deepened
**Secondary blowfly attack
**Flies attracted to odour of decomposing tissue
*Secondary bacterial infection
*Production losses
**Irritation and distress associated with skin lesions
**Poor weight gain (often the first clinical sign)
'''Clinical Signs'''
*Anorexia, listness, animals standing apart from flock
*Fleece may appear darker, be damp and have a foul smell
*Strike is classified according to where the body is affected
'''Control'''
'''Control'''
*Prophylactic [[Ectoparasiticide|insecticide]] treatment
**Must kill larvae and remain in fleece to prevent flies from laying eggs
**Spraying, dipping, spray race or jetting
*Insect growth regulators
**Pour-on
**2-4 month protection depending upon the product used
*Effective worm control
**To minimise diarrhoea and therefore soiled fleece
*Crutching
*'Mule's operation'
**Surgical removal of breech skin in Merino breeds
*Tail docking of lambs
*Proper carcass disposal
**Eliminates fly breeding sites
*Vaccination
===Screw Worm Myiasis===
===Screw Worm Myiasis===