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→Acepromazine
Acepromazine is commonly used in veterinary practice as a sedative and as a premedicant. It is available in liquid, gel and tablet form and so may be administered orally (with 20-55% bioavailability), i/m, i/v or s/c. The intramuscular route is preferred as fewer side effects are apparent. Administration in this way leads to a 20 minute onset of drug action. The time to onset is only 5 minutes if acepromazine is given intravenously, but the drug must be given slowly to avoid causing vasodilation and hypotension. The duration of effects is 4-6 hours.
Acepromazine is commonly used in veterinary practice as a sedative and as a premedicant. It is available in liquid, gel and tablet form and so may be administered orally (with 20-55% bioavailability), i/m, i/v or s/c. The intramuscular route is preferred as fewer side effects are apparent. Administration in this way leads to a 20 minute onset of drug action. The time to onset is only 5 minutes if acepromazine is given intravenously, but the drug must be given slowly to avoid causing vasodilation and hypotension. The duration of effects is 4-6 hours.
Lower doses of acepromazine affect animal behaviour, whereas higher doses give sedation. However, the level of sedation is not increased by increasing the drug does further; this merely increases the duration of sedation. Sedative effect is greatest in young, anxious animals.
Acepromaazine potentiates the actions of several other drugs. These include [[Local Anaesthetics|local anaesthetic agents]], general anaesthetics and opioids (forming the principal of neurolept analgesia).
===Methotrimeprazine===
===Methotrimeprazine===