Difference between revisions of "Guttural Pouches - Anatomy & Physiology"

Revision as of 15:54, 14 August 2009

()Map CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM (Map)

Equine Guttural Pouch - Copyright David Bainbridge

Introduction

The Guttural Pouch is present only in members of the order Perissodactyla (nonruminant ungulates: horses; tapirs; rhinoceros) and another small band of small mammels including Hyraxes, certain bats and a South American mouse.

The guttural pouch, also known as the Auditory Tube Diverticulum is a long, slitlike opening connecting the nasal cavity and middle ear which dilates to form pouches which can have a capacity of 300-500ml in the domestic horse.

Structure

The Guttural Pouch is located below the cranial cavity, towards the caudal end of the skull.
It is covered laterally by the Pterygoid muscles, parotid and mandibular glands. The floor lies mainly on the pharynx. It is moulded to the Stylohyoid muscle which divides the medial and lateral compartments.
The Guttural Pouch has close association with many major structures including several cranial nerves (Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, Hypoglossal), the Sympathetic Trunk and the External and Internal Carotid Arteries. The pouch covers the temporohyoid joint.
The pouch has an extremely thin wall which is lined by respiratory epithelium which secretes mucus. This normally drains into the pharynx when the horse is grazing.

Function

The Guttural Pouch is a mechanism for cooling the cerebral blood supply after exercise, due to it's close connection with the Internal Carotid Artery.

Species Differences

The Gutteral pouch is present only in members of the order Perissodactyla (nonruminant ungulates: horses; tapirs; rhinoceros) and another small band of small mammals including Hyraxes, certain bats and a South American mouse

Links

Clinical Conditions of the Guttural Pouch

References

Dyce, K.M., Sack, W.O. and Wensing, C.J.G. (2002) Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders.

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 *The Guttural Pouch is located below the cranial cavity, towards the caudal end of the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Bones of the Skull|skull]].
 *It is covered laterally by the Pterygoid muscles, [[Parotid Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|parotid]] and [[Mandibular Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|mandibular]] glands. The floor lies mainly on the pharynx. It is moulded to the Stylohyoid muscle which divides the medial and lateral compartments.
-*The Guttural Pouch has close association with many major structures including several [[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|cranial nerves]] (Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, Hypoglossal), the Sympathetic Trunk and the External and Internal Carotid Arteries. The pouch covers the temporohyoid joint.
+*The Guttural Pouch has close association with many major structures including several [[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|cranial nerves]] (Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, Hypoglossal), the Sympathetic Trunk and the External and Internal Carotid Arteries. The pouch covers the temporohyoid joint.
 *The pouch has an extremely thin wall which is lined by [[Respiratory Epithelium - Anatomy & Physiology|respiratory epithelium]] which secretes mucus. This normally drains into the pharynx when the horse is grazing.