Bacterial Diseases Quiz

WIKIQUIZ

Questions reviewed by:

Michael Jones BSc (Hons) MSc PhD Lecturer in Microbiology and Molecular Biology Peter G.G. Jackson BVM&S, MA, DVM&S, FRCVS Kirstie Pickles BVMS MSc Cert EM (Int Med) PhD Dip ECEIM MRCVS Lecturer in Equine Practice

1

If a piglet presented with pneumonia, pleuritis, arthritis and paddling of the forelimbs, which species of Actinobacillus is it most likley to be infected with? A. seminis A. porcinus A. pleuropneumoniae A. suis A. lignieresii Please select an option Incorrect. A. seminis causes epididymitis in young rams andpolyarthritis in lambs. The correct answer is A. suis causes all these symptoms in piglets. Other clinical signs include fever, respiratory distress and fatal septicaemia.WikiVet Article: A. suis Incorrect. The correct answer is that A. suis causes all these symptoms in piglets. Other clinical signs include fever, respiratory distress and fatal septicaemia. WikiVet Article: A. suis Incorrect. A. pleuropneumoniae causes fever, dysponea, anorxia, cyanosis and pneumonia. The correct answer is A. suis causes all these symptoms in piglets. Other clinical signs include fever, respiratory distress and fatal septicaemia. WikiVet Article: A. suis Correct! A. suis causes all these symptoms in piglets. Other clinical signs include fever, respiratory distress and fatal septicaemia. Incorrect. A. lignieresii causes oral lesions, pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis, myositis and impaired feeding. The correct answer is A. suis causes all these symptoms in piglets. Other clinical signs include fever, respiratory distress and fatal septicaemia.

2

Which bacteria is responsible for causing strangles in horses? Burkholderia mallei Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus Streptococcus equi subsp. equi Rhodococcus equi Please select an option Incorrect. Burkholderia mallei is implicated in glanders, a disease seen in eastern Europe and Asia and which is notifiable in UK. It is characterised by multiple small submucosal nasal nodules which liquefy and ulcerate. The correct answer is Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, a very pathogenic bacteria typically causing suppurative rhinitis, pharyngitis and lymphadenitis of the lymph nodes of the head and neck that drain the upper respiratory tract. These lymph nodes often rupture and discharge pus 2-3 weeks after the onset of infection. WikiVet Article: equine bacterial Incorrect. Staphylococcus aureus is not associated with respiratory disease in horses. The correct answer is Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, a very pathogenic bacteria typically causing suppurative rhinitis, pharyngitis and lymphadenitis of the lymph nodes of the head and neck that drain the upper respiratory tract. These lymph nodes often rupture and discharge pus 2-3 weeks after the onset of infection. WikiVet Article: equine bacterial Incorrect. Although Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus does cause an upper respiratory tract infection that can be indistinguishable clinically from Strangles, but it does not cause suppurative lymphadenitis which the causative bacteria Streptococcus equi subsp. equi does. This is a very pathogenic bacteria typically causing suppurative rhinitis, pharyngitis and lymphadenitis of the lymph nodes of the head and neck that drain the upper respiratory tract. These lymph nodes often rupture and discharge pus 2-3 weeks after the onset of infection. WikiVet Article: equine bacterial Correct! Streptococcus equi subsp. equi is a very pathogenic bacteria typically causing suppurative rhinitis, pharyngitis and lymphadenitis of the lymph nodes of the head and neck that drain the upper respiratory tract. These lymph nodes often rupture and discharge pus 2-3 weeks after the onset of infection. WikiVet Article: equine bacterial Incorrect. Rhodococcus equi is an important cause of severe, often fatal granulomatous pneumonia in foals and is not associated with strangles. The correct answer is Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, a very pathogenic bacteria typically causing suppurative rhinitis, pharyngitis and lymphadenitis of the lymph nodes of the head and neck that drain the upper respiratory tract. These lymph nodes often rupture and discharge pus 2-3 weeks after the onset of infection. WikiVet Article: equine bacterial

3

Which type of C. perfringens leads to the disease lamb dysentery? Type A Type C Type D Type E Type B Please select an option Incorrect. C. perfringens Type A causes entero toxaemia in sheep, necrotising entercolitis in pigs and necrotic enteritis in chickens. The correct answer is C. perfringens Type B which causes dysentery in lambs in the first weeks of life. Incorrect. C. perfringens Type C causes sheep struck, an acute enterotoxaemia which leads to sudden death of sheep at pasture. This type also causes haemorrhagic enteritis in piglets and necrotic enteritis in chickens. The correct answer is C. perfringens Type B which causes dysentery in lambs in the first weeks of life. Incorrect. C. perfringens Type D causes pulpy kidney disease in 3-10 week old lambs. A toxaemia which in the acute stages causes convulsions and death. The correct answer is C. perfringens Type B which causes dysentery in lambs in the first weeks of life. Incorrect. C. perfringens Type E causes enteritis in rabbits and haemorrhagic enteritis in calves. The correct answer is C. perfringens Type B which causes dysentery in lambs in the first weeks of life. Correct! C. perfringens Type B does cause lamb dysentery. Infection leads to haemorrhagic enteritis and ulceration in the small intestine and sudden death in lambs in the first weeks of life.

4

What causes pizzle rot? Corynebacterium renale Arcanobacter pyogenes Brucella abortus Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli Please select an option Correct! Pizzle rot, otherwise known as ulcerative balanoposthitis is seen as ulceration around the prepucial orifice with a brown crust, particularly in Merino sheeep and Angora goats. High urine urea levels from high protein intake may predispose to the condition and castration and heavy wool around the prepuce are risk factors, but the actual causal agent is Corynebacterium renale. The bacteria hydrolyses urea to ammonia which then causes mucosal irritation and ulceration. WikiVet Article: Corynebacterium. Incorrect. Arcanobacter pyogenes does not cause pizzle rot, otherwise known as ulcerative balanoposthitis. This condition is seen as ulceration around the prepucial orifice with a brown crust, particularly in Merino sheeep and Angora goats. High urine urea levels from high protein intake may predispose to the condition and castration and heavy wool around the prepuce are risk factors, but the actual causal agent is Corynebacterium renale. The bacteria hydrolyses urea to ammonia which then causes mucosal irritation and ulceration. WikiVet Article: Corynebacterium. Incorrect. Brucella abortus does not cause pizzle rot, otherwise known as ulcerative balanoposthitis. This condition is seen as ulceration around the prepucial orifice with a brown crust, particularly in Merino sheeep and Angora goats. High urine urea levels from high protein intake may predispose to the condition and castration and heavy wool around the prepuce are risk factors, but the actual causal agent is Corynebacterium renale. The bacteria hydrolyses urea to ammonia which then causes mucosal irritation and ulceration. WikiVet Article: Corynebacterium. Incorrect. Staphylococcus aureus does not cause pizzle rot, otherwise known as ulcerative balanoposthitis. This condition is seen as ulceration around the prepucial orifice with a brown crust, particularly in Merino sheeep and Angora goats. High urine urea levels from high protein intake may predispose to the condition and castration and heavy wool around the prepuce are risk factors, but the actual causal agent is Corynebacterium renale. The bacteria hydrolyses urea to ammonia which then causes mucosal irritation and ulceration. WikiVet Article: Corynebacterium. Incorrect. Escherichia coli does not cause pizzle rot, otherwise known as ulcerative balanoposthitis. This condition is seen as ulceration around the prepucial orifice with a brown crust, particularly in Merino sheeep and Angora goats. High urine urea levels from high protein intake may predispose to the condition and castration and heavy wool around the prepuce are risk factors, but the actual causal agent is Corynebacterium renale. The bacteria hydrolyses urea to ammonia which then causes mucosal irritation and ulceration. WikiVet Article: Corynebacterium.

5

What disease does Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause in captive reptiles? Nephritis Cloacitis Conjunctivitis Arthritis Necrotic stomatitis Please select an option Incorrect. Pseudomonas aeruginosa along with other bacteria such as Aeromonas can cause necrotic stomatitis also called mouth rot in reptiles and not nephritis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes a huge variety of disease in other animals such as pneumonia in dogs, cats and horses. WikiVet Article: Pseudomonas aeruginosa Incorrect. Cloacitis is a bacterial infection of the cloaca resulting in an inflammed cloacal opening and foul discharge. It is thought that cloacitis maybe associated with parasitic infection or stone like calculus but is not linked to Pseudomonas. Pseudomonas aeruginosa along with other bacteria such as Aeromonas can cause necrotic stomatitis also called mouth rot in reptiles and not conjunctivitis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes a huge variety of disease in other animals such as pneumonia in dogs, cats and horses. WikiVet Article: Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Link to external website: Cloacitis Incorrect. Pseudomonas aeruginosa along with other bacteria such as Aeromonas can cause necrotic stomatitis also called mouth rot in reptiles and not conjunctivitis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes a huge variety of disease in other animals such as pneumonia in dogs, cats and horses. WikiVet Article: Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Incorrect. Pseudomonas aeruginosa along with other bacteria such as Aeromonas can cause necrotic stomatitis also called mouth rot in reptiles and not arthritis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes a huge variety of disease in other animals such as pneumonia in dogs, cats and horses. WikiVet Article: Pseudomonas aeruginosa Correct! Pseudomonas aeruginosa along with other bacteria such as Aeromonas can cause necrotic stomatitis also called mouth rot in reptiles. Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes a huge variety of disease in other animals such as pneumonia in dogs, cats and horses. WikiVet Article: Pseudomonas aeruginosa

6

Which of the following bacteria cause ulcerative stomatitis, pneumonia and septicaemia in captive snakes? Plesiomonas shigelloides Vibrio metschnikovii Listonella anguillarum Aeromonas salmonicida Aeromonas hydrophila Please select an option Incorrect. Plesiomonas shigelloides causes septicaemia in fish and reptiles and diarrhoea in harbours seals. Aeromonas hydrophila causes all the clinical symptoms in the question in captive snakes. Incorrect. Vibrio metschnikovii causes enteric disease in chickens. Aeromonas hydrophila causes all the clinical symptoms in the question in captive snakes. Incorrect. Listonella anguillarum causes skin lesions and septicaemia in fish and eels. Aeromonas hydrophila causes all the clinical symptoms in the question in captive snakes. Incorrect. Aeromonas salmonicida causes furunculosis in salmon and goldfish. Aeromonas hydrophila causes all the clinical symptoms in the question in captive snakes. Correct! Aeromonas hydrophila causes ulcerative stomatitis, pneumonia and septicaemia in captive snakes. It also leads to red-leg syndrome in amphibians and haemorrhagic septicaemia in freshwater fish. WikiVet Article: Aeromonas species, Plesiomonas shigelloides and Vibrio species

7

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis causes what type of disease in horses? Ulcerative lymphangitis Pyelonephritis Mastitis Granulomatous lymphadenitis Caseous lymphadenitis Please select an option Correct! Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis causes ulcerative lymphangitis in the horse. The infection results in lymphangitis of lower limbs or abscessation in pectoral region. This is a rare disease in the UK, but is relatively common in southwestern USA, where infection in horses is seasonal, with a peak incidence in late summer and autumn. In the UK, the same organism is more commonly found in sheep and goats, where it causes caseous lymphadenitis. Link to WikiVet: Corynebacterium Incorrect. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis does not cause pyelonephritis in the horse. The correct answer is that C. pseudotuberculosis causes ulcerative lymphangitis in the horse. The infection results in lymphangitis of lower limbs or abscessation in pectoral region. This is a rare disease in the UK, but is relatively common in southwestern USA, where infection in horses is seasonal, with a peak incidence in late summer and autumn. In the UK, the same organism is more commonly found in sheep and goats, where it causes caseous lymphadenitis. Link to WikiVet: Corynebacterium Incorrect. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis does not cause mastitis in the horse. The correct answer is that C. pseudotuberculosis causes ulcerative lymphangitis in the horse. The infection results in lymphangitis of lower limbs or abscessation in pectoral region. This is a rare disease in the UK, but is relatively common in southwestern USA, where infection in horses is seasonal, with a peak incidence in late summer and autumn. In the UK, the same organism is more commonly found in sheep and goats, where it causes caseous lymphadenitis. Link to WikiVet: Corynebacterium Incorrect. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis does not cause granulomatous lymphadenitis in the horse. The correct answer is that C. pseudotuberculosis causes ulcerative lymphangitis in the horse. The infection results in lymphangitis of lower limbs or abscessation in pectoral region. This is a rare disease in the UK, but is relatively common in southwestern USA, where infection in horses is seasonal, with a peak incidence in late summer and autumn. In the UK, the same organism is more commonly found in sheep and goats, where it causes caseous lymphadenitis. Link to WikiVet: Corynebacterium Incorrect. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis does not cause caseous lymphadenitis in the horse. However in the UK, this organism is most commonly found in sheep and goats, where it does cause caseous lymphadenitisThe correct answer is that C. pseudotuberculosis causes ulcerative lymphangitis in the horse. The infection results in lymphangitis of lower limbs or abscessation in pectoral region. This is a rare disease in the UK, but is relatively common in southwestern USA, where infection in horses is seasonal, with a peak incidence in late summer and autumn. Link to WikiVet: Corynebacterium