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Toxoplasmosis - Cat and Dog (view source)
Revision as of 11:28, 13 August 2010
, 11:28, 13 August 2010→Treatment
Lappin 1998). Some cats with CNS toxoplasmosis
Lappin 1998). Some cats with CNS toxoplasmosis
require continuous treatment.
require continuous treatment.
Cats that cannot tolerate clindamycin can be adminis-
Cats that cannot tolerate clindamycin can be adminis-tered trimethoprim-sulphonamide combinations. Owing
to good penetration into the CNS, trimethoprimsulphonamide
therapy is also indicated for those cats
with CNS toxoplasmosis which show a poor response to
clindamycin. If trimethoprim-sulphonamide combinations
are used, a complete blood cell count should be
performed every two weeks to monitor for the development
of macrocytic anaemia.
Pyrimethamine combined with a sulphonamide drug
is effective for the treatment of human toxoplasmosis,
but commonly results in toxicity in cats. The macrolide
antibiotics, spiramycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin,
may be effective alternate anti-Toxoplasma drugs
but have not been evaluated for the treatment of clinical
feline toxoplasmosis. Minocycline is effective for the
treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis in rabbits. It is possible
that the related synthetic tetracycline, doxycycline,
administered at 5 mg/kg orally every 12 hours for four
weeks, may also be effective for the treatment of clinical
feline toxoplasmosis.
Cats with Toxoplasma-induced uveitis have intense
intraocular inflammatory reactions that commonly lead
to lens luxation and glaucoma. Thus, cats with uveitis
should be treated with anti-Toxoplasma drugs in combination
with topical, oral or parenteral glucocorticoids.
The author generally prescribes clindamycin and topical
1 per cent prednisolone acetate (unless there are concurrent
corneal ulcers) administered at one drop, four to six
times daily. The animal is re-evaluated on days 3 and 7
588
and, if there is a poor response by day 7, oral
prednisolone, at 1.1 mg/kg orally every 12 hours, is
added to the treatment regimen. Alternate anti-
Toxoplasma therapy may also be considered in cats
showing a poor response by day 7. Anti-Toxoplasma
therapy is usually discontinued after four weeks, while
glucocorticoid treatment is continued as needed to
control inflammation. Occasionally, parenteral administration
of glucocorticoids is required.
'''Prevention'''
'''Prevention'''
*Cat
*Cat