Difference between revisions of "Palpable Points - Horse Anatomy"
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{{no pics}} | {{no pics}} | ||
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==Forelimb== | ==Forelimb== | ||
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===The Shoulder=== | ===The Shoulder=== | ||
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* Deltoid tuberosity, humerus | * Deltoid tuberosity, humerus | ||
* Greater tuberosity, humerus | * Greater tuberosity, humerus | ||
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'''Soft Tissue''' | '''Soft Tissue''' | ||
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* Lateral tuberosity, radius | * Lateral tuberosity, radius | ||
* Styloid process, radius | * Styloid process, radius | ||
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'''Joint''' | '''Joint''' | ||
* Identified between distal humeral epicondyle and lateral tuberosity of the radius. The collateral ligament runs between these two landmarks. | * Identified between distal humeral epicondyle and lateral tuberosity of the radius. The collateral ligament runs between these two landmarks. | ||
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'''Soft tissue''' | '''Soft tissue''' | ||
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* Accessory carpal bone | * Accessory carpal bone | ||
* Medial and lateral splint bones and their buttons | * Medial and lateral splint bones and their buttons | ||
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'''Joint''' | '''Joint''' | ||
* Radiocarpal joint | * Radiocarpal joint | ||
* Carpal canal | * Carpal canal | ||
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'''Soft tissue''' | '''Soft tissue''' | ||
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* Dorsoproximal margin of proximal phalanx | * Dorsoproximal margin of proximal phalanx | ||
* Proximal sesamoid bones | * Proximal sesamoid bones | ||
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'''Soft tissue''' | '''Soft tissue''' | ||
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* Palmar pouch of joint | * Palmar pouch of joint | ||
* Proximal pouch of digital sheath between the suspensory ligament and digital flexor tendon | * Proximal pouch of digital sheath between the suspensory ligament and digital flexor tendon | ||
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===Pastern=== | ===Pastern=== | ||
'''Bones''' | '''Bones''' | ||
* Epicondyles of distal proximal phalanx and palmar processes of proximal middle phalanx show the site of the joint | * Epicondyles of distal proximal phalanx and palmar processes of proximal middle phalanx show the site of the joint | ||
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'''Soft tissue''' | '''Soft tissue''' | ||
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* Flexor tendons | * Flexor tendons | ||
* Digital arteries | * Digital arteries | ||
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===Foot=== | ===Foot=== | ||
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* White line | * White line | ||
* Wall of hoof | * Wall of hoof | ||
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==Hindlimb== | ==Hindlimb== | ||
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===Thigh and Hindquarters=== | ===Thigh and Hindquarters=== | ||
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* Third trochanter of the femur | * Third trochanter of the femur | ||
* Medial troclear ridge of the femur | * Medial troclear ridge of the femur | ||
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'''Soft tissue''' | '''Soft tissue''' | ||
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* Gluteals | * Gluteals | ||
* Tensor fascia latae | * Tensor fascia latae | ||
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===Crus and Stifle=== | ===Crus and Stifle=== | ||
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* Tibial crest | * Tibial crest | ||
* Patella | * Patella | ||
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'''Joints''' | '''Joints''' | ||
* Femeropatellar joint | * Femeropatellar joint | ||
* Femerotibial joint | * Femerotibial joint | ||
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'''Soft tissue''' | '''Soft tissue''' | ||
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* Medial menisci | * Medial menisci | ||
* Popliteal tendon | * Popliteal tendon | ||
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===Hock=== | ===Hock=== | ||
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* Sustentaculum tali | * Sustentaculum tali | ||
* Heads of the splint bones | * Heads of the splint bones | ||
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'''Joints''' | '''Joints''' | ||
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* Distal intertarsal joint | * Distal intertarsal joint | ||
* Tarsometatarsal joint | * Tarsometatarsal joint | ||
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'''Soft tissue''' | '''Soft tissue''' | ||
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'''Bones''' | '''Bones''' | ||
* Splint bones | * Splint bones | ||
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'''Soft tissue''' | '''Soft tissue''' | ||
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* Suspensory ligament | * Suspensory ligament | ||
* Flexor tendons | * Flexor tendons | ||
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===Metatarsophalangeal Joint and Foot=== | ===Metatarsophalangeal Joint and Foot=== | ||
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| − | [[Category:Musculoskeletal System]] | + | [[Category:Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology]] |
Revision as of 16:38, 26 November 2010
This section has been fully reviewed, but still needs its pictures uploading.Forelimb
The Shoulder
Bones
- Cranial border of the scapula
- Dorsal border of the scapular cartilage
- Spine of the scapula
- Caudal division of the greater tuberosity, humerus
- Deltoid tuberosity, humerus
- Greater tuberosity, humerus
Soft Tissue
- Brachiocephalicus
- Deltoid muscles
- Triceps
- Supraspinatus and infrapinatus
Antebrachium and Elbow
Bones
- Olecranon
- Lateral epicondyle, humerus
- Lateral tuberosity, radius
- Styloid process, radius
Joint
- Identified between distal humeral epicondyle and lateral tuberosity of the radius. The collateral ligament runs between these two landmarks.
Soft tissue
- Extensor carpi radialis
- Common digital extensor
- Extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi ulnaris, the groove between these two muscles can be felt caudally
- Tendon sheath of flexor carpi radialis
Metacarpal region and Carpus
Bones
- Medial styloid process of radius
- Lateral styloid process of radius
- Accessory carpal bone
- Medial and lateral splint bones and their buttons
Joint
- Radiocarpal joint
- Carpal canal
Soft tissue
- Extensor carpi radialis tendon
- Common digital extensor tendon
- Lateral digital extensor tendon
- Flexor reticulum
- Superficial and deep digital flexor tendon
- Accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon
- Suspensory ligament
- Blood vessels and nerves in mid-metacarpal region
- Medial palmar artery
Metacarpophalangeal Joint
Bones
- Sagittal ridge of dorsal metacarpus under CDE tendon
- Dorsoproximal margin of proximal phalanx
- Proximal sesamoid bones
Soft tissue
- Common digital flexor tendon
- Dorsal pouch of the joint either side of the CDE tendon
- Lateral digital extensor
- Neurovascular bundle on the abaxial surface of the proximal sesamoids
- Collateral ligaments of proximal sesamoids
- Suspensory ligament
- Palmar annular ligament
- Palmar pouch of joint
- Proximal pouch of digital sheath between the suspensory ligament and digital flexor tendon
Pastern
Bones
- Epicondyles of distal proximal phalanx and palmar processes of proximal middle phalanx show the site of the joint
Soft tissue
- Dorsal pouch of distal interphalangeal joint
- Collateral cartilage
- Extensor slips from suspensory ligament attaching to the CDE tendon
- Widening of common digital extensor tendon
- Collateral ligaments of joint attaching to epicondyle of middle phalanx
- Flexor tendons
- Digital arteries
Foot
- Coronary band and periople
- Heel
- Frog
- Paracuneal sulcus
- Sole
- White line
- Wall of hoof
Hindlimb
Thigh and Hindquarters
Bones
- Tuber coxae
- Greater trochanter of the femur
- Third trochanter of the femur
- Medial troclear ridge of the femur
Soft tissue
- Semimembranosus
- Semitendinosus
- Biceps femoris
- Quadriceps
- Gluteals
- Tensor fascia latae
Crus and Stifle
Bones
- Lateral condyle of tibia
- Lateral malleolus of tibia
- Tibial crest
- Patella
Joints
- Femeropatellar joint
- Femerotibial joint
Soft tissue
- Cranial tibial
- Long and lateral digital extensor muscles
- Gastrocnemius
- Deep digital flexor muscle
- Patellar ligaments
- Quadriceps
- Combined tendon of fibularis tertius and long digital extensor
- Lateral and medial collateral ligaments
- Medial menisci
- Popliteal tendon
Hock
Bones
- Lateral and medial malleolus of the tibia
- Trochlea of the talus
- Sustentaculum tali
- Heads of the splint bones
Joints
- Tarsocrural joint
- Proximal intertarsal joint
- Distal intertarsal joint
- Tarsometatarsal joint
Soft tissue
- Cranial tibial
- Peroneus tertius
- Long digital extensor
- Lateral digital extensor
- Lateral collateral ligaments
- Saphenous vein
- Medial collateral ligaments of tarsocrural joint
- Cunean tendon
- Achilles tendon - SDFT, gastrocnemius, deep tarsal ligaments
- Calcaneal bursa
- Plantar ligament of calcaneus
Metatarsal Region
Bones
- Splint bones
Soft tissue
- Long digital extensor tendon
- Lateral digital extensor tendon
- Lateral and medial palmar artery
- Suspensory ligament
- Flexor tendons
Metatarsophalangeal Joint and Foot
- As for forelimb