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Also known as '''''FeLV
 
Also known as '''''FeLV
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[[Image:FeLV Electron Micrograph.jpg|thumb|right|150px|FeLV Electron Micrograph [http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp Public Health Image Library] Image #5610]]
    
==Introduction==
 
==Introduction==
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[[Image:Kinetics of FeLV 2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Kinetics of FeLV - Copyright Dr Brian Catchpole BVetMed PhD MRCVS]]
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*Oncogenic retrovirus
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*Causes neoplasia (lymphoma), myelosuppression (anaemia) and immunosuppression (of [[Lymphocytes#T cells|T cells]])
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*2 strains:
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**FeLV-A
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***Natural strain
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**FeLV-B
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***Formed through FeLV-A recombining with endogenous retroviral sequences in the feline genome
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***Increases the risks of lymphoma
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**FeLV-C
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***Formed from the spontaneous mutation of FeLV-A
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***Is more myelosuppressive
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*Virus replicates in the oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue causing a viraemia (virus circulating in the bloodstream) which then spreads to the systemic lymphoid tissue
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*Shed in saliva
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*Passed by oronasal route, e.g. mutual grooming
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*Kittens between 6 weeks and 6 months are most susceptible
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*60% of cats will become immune to the disease and recover
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*Cats that are persistently viraemic will progress to develop FeLV-associated diseases
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*Some cats will become viraemic again if treated with corticosteroids or stressed if the infection lies dormant in the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]]
    
==Pathogenesis==
 
==Pathogenesis==
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===Vaccination===
 
===Vaccination===
 
Ideally, this should take place once antigen-negative status has been determined by laboratory testing. '''Leukogen''' is a subunit vaccine (using envelope protein gp70) produced in ''E. coli'' mixed with Quill-A and alhydrogel. Others include inactivated virus and canarypox recombinants, but all MUST include FeLV-A.
 
Ideally, this should take place once antigen-negative status has been determined by laboratory testing. '''Leukogen''' is a subunit vaccine (using envelope protein gp70) produced in ''E. coli'' mixed with Quill-A and alhydrogel. Others include inactivated virus and canarypox recombinants, but all MUST include FeLV-A.
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(FeLV)
  −
[[Image:FeLV Electron Micrograph.jpg|thumb|right|150px|FeLV Electron Micrograph [http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp Public Health Image Library] Image #5610]]
  −
[[Image:Kinetics of FeLV 2.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Kinetics of FeLV - Copyright Dr Brian Catchpole BVetMed PhD MRCVS]]
  −
*Oncogenic retrovirus
  −
*Causes neoplasia (lymphoma), myelosuppression (anaemia) and immunosuppression (of [[Lymphocytes#T cells|T cells]])
  −
*2 strains:
  −
**FeLV-A
  −
***Natural strain
  −
**FeLV-B
  −
***Formed through FeLV-A recombining with endogenous retroviral sequences in the feline genome
  −
***Increases the risks of lymphoma
  −
**FeLV-C
  −
***Formed from the spontaneous mutation of FeLV-A
  −
***Is more myelosuppressive
  −
*Virus replicates in the oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue causing a viraemia (virus circulating in the bloodstream) which then spreads to the systemic lymphoid tissue
  −
*Shed in saliva
  −
*Passed by oronasal route, e.g. mutual grooming
  −
*Kittens between 6 weeks and 6 months are most susceptible
  −
*60% of cats will become immune to the disease and recover
  −
*Cats that are persistently viraemic will progress to develop FeLV-associated diseases
  −
*Some cats will become viraemic again if treated with corticosteroids or stressed if the infection lies dormant in the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]]
      
==Treatment==
 
==Treatment==
**Antibiotics for secondary infection
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Where treatment is undertaken, anti-retroviral therapy is indicated with antibiotics to control secondary infections. Prevention is a key element in the treatment of FeLV overall.
**Anti-retroviral therapy
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*For vaccinations see [[Vaccines#Cat Vaccinations|here]]
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[[Category:Mammalian Type C retrovirus ]][[Category:Cat]][[Category:Secondary Immunodeficiency]]
 
[[Category:Mammalian Type C retrovirus ]][[Category:Cat]][[Category:Secondary Immunodeficiency]]
[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical/Viruses]]
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[[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haemopoietic Diseases]]
[[Category:To Do - Blood]][[Category:To Do - Clinical]][[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haemopoietic Diseases]]
 
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