Changes

ADH is released in response to reduction in plasma volume, a decrease in blood pressure (detected by baroreceptors in the left atrium, pulmonary vessels, aortic arch and carotid sinus), high levels of angiotensin 2 (part of the [[Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) - Anatomy & Physiology| RAAS]]), increased sympathetic activation or an increase in the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid (ECF)(detected by osmoreceptors within the [[Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|hypothalamus]]). If the osmolarity is high or the volume is low, ADH will be released. This acts on the renal tubules, decreasing water loss into the urine by the following mechanisms:

ADH is released in response to reduction in plasma volume, a decrease in blood pressure (detected by baroreceptors in the left atrium, pulmonary vessels, aortic arch and carotid sinus), high levels of angiotensin 2 (part of the [[Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) - Anatomy & Physiology| RAAS]]), increased sympathetic activation or an increase in the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid (ECF)(detected by osmoreceptors within the [[Hypothalamus - Anatomy & Physiology|hypothalamus]]). If the osmolarity is high or the volume is low, ADH will be released. This acts on the renal tubules, decreasing water loss into the urine by the following mechanisms:

* Acts on V2 receptors on the peritubular surface of the collecting ducts in the kidney.  

* Acts on V2 receptors on the peritubular surface of the collecting ducts in the kidney.  

* Permeability to water in the [[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#Distal Tubule|Distal Tubule]] and [[Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology|Collecting Duct]] is increased via insertion of [[Aquaporins of the Kidney and Water Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology| aquaporins]] into the apical membrane of principal cells (aquaporins are always present in the basolateral membranes).

* Permeability to water in the [[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#Distal Tubule|Distal Tubule]] and [[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology|Collecting Duct]] is increased via insertion of [[Aquaporins of the Kidney and Water Homeostasis - Anatomy & Physiology| aquaporins]] into the apical membrane of principal cells (aquaporins are always present in the basolateral membranes).

* More water moves out of the tubule and into the intracellular space.

* More water moves out of the tubule and into the intracellular space.

* Urine volume decreases

* Urine volume decreases