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==Description==
 
==Description==
==Signalment==
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*Caused by a [[Paramyxoviridae#Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)|morbillivirus]]
==Diagnosis==
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*[[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|Rhinitis]]
===Clinical Signs===
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*Although many organs can be affected by CDV, a relatively constant feature is the respiratory signs which occur in varying severity
===Laboratory Tests===
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*A syndrome of catharral oculonasal discharge, [[Nasopharynx Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pharyngitis|pharyngitis]] and [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|bronchitis]] is relatively common in the initial stages
===Diagnostic Imaging===
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*Since one of the primary sites of action of this virus is lymphoid tissue, the resultant immunosuppression -> predisposition to secondary bacterial infection
===Pathology===
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*May cause [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Interstitial pneumonia|interstitial pneumonia]] where [[Degenerations and Infiltrations - Pathology#Cellular Inclusions|inclusions]] are found within alveolar macrophages
==Treatment==
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*Gross pathology:
==Prognosis==
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**Oedematous lungs, diffuse interstitial pneumonia
==Links==
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*Micro pathology:
==References==
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**Necrosis of pneumocytes, necrotising bronchiolitis, alveolar oedema, thickening of alveolar walls and type II pneumocyte hyperplasia
   −
Also known as CDV
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Aerosol infection
====Hosts====
  −
*Dogs, ferrets, seals, lions, mink
  −
*Has been a major pathogen of dogs prior to vaccination
  −
====Pathogenesis====
  −
*Aerosol infection
   
*Infects alveolar [[Macrophages|macrophages]] or [[Oropharynx - Pathology|oropharynx]]
 
*Infects alveolar [[Macrophages|macrophages]] or [[Oropharynx - Pathology|oropharynx]]
 
*Multiplies in the bronchial and other lymph nodes, infects [[Monocytes|monocytes]] and dendritic cells
 
*Multiplies in the bronchial and other lymph nodes, infects [[Monocytes|monocytes]] and dendritic cells
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*Involvement of central nervous system generally results in death
 
*Involvement of central nervous system generally results in death
   −
====Diagnosis====
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*Can contribute to [[Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis|Infectious Canine Tracheitis]]
 +
*May be involved in [[Pancreatitis, Chronic Interstitial|chronic interstitial pancreatitis]]
 +
*May cause [[Bones Developmental - Pathology#Retention of elongated primary trabeculae|growth retardation lattice]]
 +
*May also trigger latent [[Toxoplasma|Toxoplasmosis]] due to suppressing effect on lymphoid tissue
 +
==Signalment==
 +
 
 +
*Dogs, ferrets, seals, lions, mink
 +
*Has been a major pathogen of dogs prior to vaccination
 +
==Diagnosis==
 
*May present as series of infections
 
*May present as series of infections
 
*'''Immunocytochemistry''' of inclusion bodies
 
*'''Immunocytochemistry''' of inclusion bodies
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**Inclusions persist longest in the brain (may be intranuclear) and the alveolar macrophages
 
**Inclusions persist longest in the brain (may be intranuclear) and the alveolar macrophages
 
**Sections of fixed bronchial tissue, lung, macrophages, bladder may be used or nasal or conjunctival epithelium from live animals
 
**Sections of fixed bronchial tissue, lung, macrophages, bladder may be used or nasal or conjunctival epithelium from live animals
*Giant cells may be seen in the alveoli
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*Giant cells may be seen in the alveol
====Control====
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===Clinical Signs===
 +
===Laboratory Tests===
 +
===Diagnostic Imaging===
 +
===Pathology===
 +
==Treatment==
 +
 
 
*Live attenuated virus vaccines given at 10 and 12 weeks of age
 
*Live attenuated virus vaccines given at 10 and 12 weeks of age
 
**Some now given at 7 and 10 weeks to allow socialisation
 
**Some now given at 7 and 10 weeks to allow socialisation
 
*Homeopathic vaccines do not work  
 
*Homeopathic vaccines do not work  
 
*Live attenuated vaccines may kill some wildlife therefore '''Iscom vaccine''' is used in seal sanctuaries
 
*Live attenuated vaccines may kill some wildlife therefore '''Iscom vaccine''' is used in seal sanctuaries
====Secondary Concerns====
+
==Prognosis==
*Can contribute to [[Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis|Infectious Canine Tracheitis]]
+
==Links==
*May be involved in [[Pancreatitis, Chronic Interstitial|chronic interstitial pancreatitis]]
+
==References==
*May cause [[Bones Developmental - Pathology#Retention of elongated primary trabeculae|growth retardation lattice]]
  −
*May also trigger latent [[Toxoplasma|Toxoplasmosis]] due to suppressing effect on lymphoid tissue
  −
 
  −
 
  −
 
  −
===Canine distemper===
  −
 
  −
*Caused by a [[Paramyxoviridae#Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)|morbillivirus]]
  −
*[[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|Rhinitis]]
  −
*Although many organs can be affected by CDV, a relatively constant feature is the respiratory signs which occur in varying severity
  −
*A syndrome of catharral oculonasal discharge, [[Nasopharynx Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pharyngitis|pharyngitis]] and [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|bronchitis]] is relatively common in the initial stages
  −
*Since one of the primary sites of action of this virus is lymphoid tissue, the resultant immunosuppression -> predisposition to secondary bacterial infection
  −
*May cause [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Interstitial pneumonia|interstitial pneumonia]] where [[Degenerations and Infiltrations - Pathology#Cellular Inclusions|inclusions]] are found within alveolar macrophages
  −
*Gross pathology:
  −
**Oedematous lungs, diffuse interstitial pneumonia
  −
*Micro pathology:
  −
**Necrosis of pneumocytes, necrotising bronchiolitis, alveolar oedema, thickening of alveolar walls and type II pneumocyte hyperplasia
  −
 
  −
 
       
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