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Category:Cranial Nerve Examination - Horse (view source)

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===[[Tongue Movement]] ===

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* The hypoglossal nerve, CN XII provides motor innervation to the [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]].

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* Normally, a horse resists the [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] being retracted from the mouth.

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** The horse will quickly return the tongue after it is pulled out to the side.

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* Horses with hypoglossal weakness appear differently.

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** The [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] may protrude from the mouth.

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** Chronic unilateral hypoglossal lesions may result in unilateral tongue atrophy.

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** Bilateral hypoglossal lesions may result in difficulty prehending food.

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* Horses with cerebral dysfunction may have signs corresponding to tongue weakness.

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** However, [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] atrophy is not present in these animals.

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~~[[Category:Cranial Nerve Examination - Horse]]~~

[[Category:Neurological Examination - Horse|C]]

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