Difference between revisions of "Bovine Herpesvirus 2"

Revision as of 16:09, 24 March 2011

Synonyms

Bovine herpes mammillitis virus

Introduction

Bovine herpesvirus-2 affects the teats and udders of cows as well as the perineum of cows in some cases and occasionally on the mouths and muzzles of suckling calves. It can also causes generalised disease in rare cases and lead to pseudolumpy skin disease. The disease is mostly seen in lactating cows. The virus is also zoonotic, causing lesions on the hands of milkers that touch the lesions.

Transmission is by entry into the skin through trauma, such as from rough milking or poor milk machine quality or other types of teat trauma.

Signalment

Usually dairy cattle in milk. It can also affect the muzzles of suckling calves.

Clinical Signs

Signs include the appearance of the lesions, which are generally moist, raised erosions or plaques found on the teat and udder. The cow may develop secondary bacterial mastitis and her milk production may drop.

Diagnosis

Characteristic lesions can lead to a presumptive diagnosis. Definitive diagnosis is by virus isolation from a sample of the lesion.

Treatment and Control

Control measures include ensuring the milking machine is in full working order with no faults e.g. check the pressure and clean or replace teat liners to prevent teat damage, which allows virus entry.

If treatment is neccesary, then there are topical antivirals avalibale where this is economically viable. There are no vaccines against this virus.

References

Andrews, A.H, Blowey, R.W, Boyd, H and Eddy, R.G. (2004) Bovine Medicine (Second edition), Blackwell Publishing
Merck & Co (2008) The Merck Veterinary Manual (Eighth Edition) Merial
Russell, P (2007) Virology Study Guide, Royal Veterinary College

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-**'''Bovine herpes virus - 2 = Bovine herpes mammillitis virus'''
+== Synonyms ==
-***May cause generalised disease - pseudolumpy skin
-***Localised disease - bovine herpes mammillitis
-****Mostly in lactating cows
-****Skin trauma is essential for virus invasion
-****Decreased milk production and secondary bacterial mastitis
-****Lesion occur on teats, udder, sometimes perineum, on muzzle of suckling calves
-**'''Bovine herpes virus - 4 = Bovine herpes mammary pustular dermatitis'''
-***Similar to localised BHV-2 but milder disease
-[[Category:Herpesviridae]][[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical/Viruses]][[Category:Cattle Viruses]]
+Bovine herpes mammillitis virus
+== Introduction ==
+Bovine herpesvirus-2 affects the teats and udders of cows as well as the perineum of cows in some cases&nbsp;and occasionally on the mouths and muzzles of suckling calves. It can also causes generalised disease in rare cases and lead to pseudolumpy skin disease. The disease is mostly seen in lactating cows. The virus is also zoonotic, causing lesions on the hands of milkers that touch the lesions.
+Transmission is by entry into the skin through trauma, such as from rough milking or poor milk machine quality or other types of teat trauma.
+== Signalment ==
+Usually dairy cattle in milk. It can also affect the muzzles of suckling calves.
+== Clinical Signs ==
+Signs include the appearance of the lesions, which are generally moist, raised erosions or plaques found on the teat and udder. The cow may develop secondary bacterial mastitis and her milk production may drop.
+== Diagnosis ==
+Characteristic lesions can lead to a presumptive diagnosis. Definitive diagnosis is by virus isolation from a sample of the lesion.
+== Treatment and Control ==
+Control measures include ensuring the milking machine is in full working order with no faults e.g. check the pressure and clean or replace teat liners to prevent teat damage, which allows virus entry.
+If treatment is neccesary, then there are topical antivirals avalibale where this is economically viable. There are no vaccines against this virus.
+== References ==
+Andrews, A.H, Blowey, R.W, Boyd, H and Eddy, R.G. (2004) Bovine Medicine (Second edition), Blackwell Publishing <br>Merck &amp; Co (2008) The Merck Veterinary Manual (Eighth Edition) Merial <br>Russell, P (2007) Virology Study Guide, Royal Veterinary College
+[[Category:Herpesviridae]] [[Category:To_Do_-_Review]] [[Category:Clinical/Viruses]]