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** Type A and C peripheral nociceptors are sensitised due to inflammatory mediators released by tissue damage. This lowers the response threshold of the receptors, or a greater response to the same stimulus is produced. Both mechanisms may work in conjunction.
 
** Type A and C peripheral nociceptors are sensitised due to inflammatory mediators released by tissue damage. This lowers the response threshold of the receptors, or a greater response to the same stimulus is produced. Both mechanisms may work in conjunction.
 
* Centrally, giving '''central sensitisation'''.
 
* Centrally, giving '''central sensitisation'''.
** The exictability of spinal nociceptive neurons is enhanced, giving a hypersensitive and hyperactice nociceptive transmission system.
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** The excitability of spinal nociceptive neurons is enhanced, giving a hypersensitive and hyperactive nociceptive transmission system.
 
** Central sensitisation may be short-lived when it is associated with transient changes in neurotransmitter activity.
 
** Central sensitisation may be short-lived when it is associated with transient changes in neurotransmitter activity.
 
** Central sensitisation may be long-lived when it is associated with phenotypic changes in central neurons.
 
** Central sensitisation may be long-lived when it is associated with phenotypic changes in central neurons.
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