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Preparation and Examination of Blood Smear (view source)
Revision as of 14:09, 3 March 2022
, 14:09, 3 March 2022no edit summary
'''<u>Mast cell.</u>''' These are not present in the blood of healthy animals but may be present with severe inflammatory disease or metastatic mast cell tumours (mastocytaemia). They are round cells with a round nucleus surrounded by a moderate volume of cytoplasm containing large numbers of purple granules.
'''<u>Mast cell.</u>''' These are not present in the blood of healthy animals but may be present with severe inflammatory disease or metastatic mast cell tumours (mastocytaemia). They are round cells with a round nucleus surrounded by a moderate volume of cytoplasm containing large numbers of purple granules.
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File:NWLLabfacts 22.jpg|thumb|Mast cell NationWide Labs
File:NWLLabfacts 22.jpg|Mast cell NationWide Laboratories
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<u>'''Lymphocyte'''</u>. Mature lymphocytes are small cells with round, occasionally cleft nuclei which are approximately one red cell width in diameter; they have condensed nuclear chromatin and a narrow rim of pale cytoplasm.
<u>'''Lymphocyte'''</u>. Mature lymphocytes are small cells with round, occasionally cleft nuclei which are approximately one red cell width in diameter; they have condensed nuclear chromatin and a narrow rim of pale cytoplasm.
'''<u>Reactive lymphocyte.</u>''' Slightly larger than a mature lymphocyte. Cells have round nuclei with condensed nuclear chromatin, surrounded by a rim of pale basophilic cytoplasm.
'''<u>Reactive lymphocyte.</u>''' Slightly larger than a mature lymphocyte. Cells have round nuclei with condensed nuclear chromatin, surrounded by a rim of pale basophilic cytoplasm.
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File:NWLLabfacts 23.jpg|Small, medium and large Lymphocytes NationWide Labs
File:NWLLabfacts 23.jpg|Small, medium and large Lymphocytes NationWide Laboratories
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<u>'''Lymphoblast.'''</u> A large cell with a large nucleus, two to three red cell widths in diameter, with one or more prominent nucleoli. These are rarely seen in blood smears from healthy animals but may be present with lymphoid neoplasia.
<u>'''Lymphoblast.'''</u> A large cell with a large nucleus, two to three red cell widths in diameter, with one or more prominent nucleoli. These are rarely seen in blood smears from healthy animals but may be present with lymphoid neoplasia.
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File:NWLLabfacts 24.jpg|Lymphoblast NationWide Labs
File:NWLLabfacts 24.jpg|Lymphoblast NationWide Laboratories
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'''<u>Large granular lymphocyte</u>'''. Lymphocyte containing several prominent magenta coloured cytoplasmic granules. Rarely seen in peripheral blood but are numerous in large granular cell leukaemia in the dog
'''<u>Large granular lymphocyte</u>'''. Lymphocyte containing several prominent magenta coloured cytoplasmic granules. Rarely seen in peripheral blood but are numerous in large granular cell leukaemia in the dog
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File:NWLLabfacts 25.jpg|Large granular Lymphocyte NationWide Labs
File:NWLLabfacts 25.jpg|Large granular Lymphocyte NationWide Laboratories
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<u>'''Monocyte'''</u>. These are large cells with a deeply indented nucleus showing pale, finely granular nuclear chromatin. They have a moderate amount of blue-grey cytoplasm, which may contain vacuoles.
<u>'''Monocyte'''</u>. These are large cells with a deeply indented nucleus showing pale, finely granular nuclear chromatin. They have a moderate amount of blue-grey cytoplasm, which may contain vacuoles.
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File:NWLLabfacts 26.jpg|Monocyte NationWide Labs
File:NWLLabfacts 26.jpg|Monocyte NationWide Laboratories
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=== Leucocyte Inclusions ===
=== Leucocyte Inclusions ===
Canine distemper intracytoplasmic inclusion in a neutrophil (See image)
Canine distemper intracytoplasmic inclusion in a neutrophil (See image)
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File:NWLLabfacts 27.jpg|Canine distemper intracytoplasmic inclusion in a neutrophil NationWide Labs
File:NWLLabfacts 27.jpg|Canine distemper intracytoplasmic inclusion in a neutrophil NationWide Laboratories
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Ehrlichia canis morula in a monocyte (see image)
Ehrlichia canis morula in a monocyte (see image)
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File:NWL 1.jpg|Ehrlichia canis morula in a monocyte NationWide Labs
File:NWL 1.jpg|Ehrlichia canis morula in a monocyte NationWide Laboratories
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Leishmania in the cytoplasm of a neutrophil (see image)
Leishmania in the cytoplasm of a neutrophil (see image)
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File:NWL 2.jpg|Leishmania in the cytoplasm of neutrophil NationWide Labs
File:NWL 2.jpg|Leishmania in the cytoplasm of neutrophil NationWide Laboratories
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Anaplasma platys elementary bodies (see image)
Anaplasma platys elementary bodies (see image)
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File:NWL 3.jpg|thumb|Anaplasma platys elementary bodies NationWide Labs
File:NWL 3.jpg|Anaplasma platys elementary bodies NationWide Laboratories
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Hepatozoon gametocytes and Ehrlichia Morula (see image)
Hepatozoon gametocytes and Ehrlichia Morula (see image)
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File:NWL 4.jpg|thumb|Hepatozoon gametocytes and Ehrlichia Morula NationWide Labs
File:NWL 4.jpg|Hepatozoon gametocytes and Ehrlichia Morula NationWide Laboratories
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=== Platelet Evaluation ===
=== Platelet Evaluation ===
Platelet numbers can be estimated from the blood smear as described previously. The smear should be checked for any platelet clumps which are often found in the tail (feathered edge) of the smear. Clumping of platelets is frequently seen in cats and results in a spuriously low platelet count.
Platelet numbers can be estimated from the blood smear as described previously. The smear should be checked for any platelet clumps which are often found in the tail (feathered edge) of the smear. Clumping of platelets is frequently seen in cats and results in a spuriously low platelet count.
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File:NWL 5.jpg|Clumps of platelets, often found in the feathered edge NationWide Labs
File:NWL 5.jpg|Clumps of platelets, often found in the feathered edge NationWide Laboratories
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'''<u>Macrothrombocyte.</u>''' A large platelet indicating enhanced thrombopoiesis. Larger platelets are more functionally active and this may explain why some dogs with thrombocytopaenia, but largeplatelets, do not bleed.
'''<u>Macrothrombocyte.</u>''' A large platelet indicating enhanced thrombopoiesis. Larger platelets are more functionally active and this may explain why some dogs with thrombocytopaenia, but largeplatelets, do not bleed.
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File:NWL 6.jpg|Macrothrombocyte Nation Wide Labs (the one in the middle)
File:NWL 6.jpg|Macrothrombocyte Nation Wide Laboratories (the one in the middle)
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Primary platelet disorders such as thrombasthenic thrombopathia of otter hounds are rare, producing large and morphologically bizarre platelets. Cavalier King Charles spaniels may have large platelets with decreased platelet counts due to inherited macrothrombocytopaenia.
Primary platelet disorders such as thrombasthenic thrombopathia of otter hounds are rare, producing large and morphologically bizarre platelets. Cavalier King Charles spaniels may have large platelets with decreased platelet counts due to inherited macrothrombocytopaenia.
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File:NWL 7.jpg|Inherited macrothrombocytopaenia NationWide Labs
File:NWL 7.jpg|Inherited macrothrombocytopaenia NationWide Laboratories
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