Difference between revisions of "Pelvis - Anatomy & Physiology"

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<big><center>[[Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO MUSCULOSKELETAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
 
<big><center>[[Musculoskeletal System - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO MUSCULOSKELETAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big>
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==Pelvic Girdle==
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*Two symmetrical halves: hip bones ('''ossa cosarum''') meet at pelvic symphysis ventrally and articulate with sacrum dorsally
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*Hip Bones:
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**Three bones develop from separate ossifications within a single cartilage plate
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**'''Ilium''': craniodorsal, extends obliquely forward from hip to articulate with sacrum
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***Cranial wing varies between species
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***Dorsally, forms '''sacral tuber''' more prominent in large animals than dogs and cats
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***Ventrally, forms '''tuber coxae''', or the point of the hip
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***Margin of the wing is known as the '''iliac crest'''
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***Body is deeply excavated for attachment of the gluteus medius
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***'''Greater Sciatic Notch''' on dorsal border of the wing is cut away at its junction with the shaft to allow the sciatic nerve passage en route to the hind limb
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**'''Pubis''': extends medially from the joint to form cranial pelvic floor
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***L-shaped to give two branches: cranial (acetabular) and caudal (symphysial)
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**'''Ischium''': caudal, forms most of pelvic floor
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***'''Ischial tuberosity''' is formed by the caudolateral corner of the  horizontal plate of the ischium
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**The '''Pelvic Symphysis''' comprises both pubis and ischium
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**The '''Acetabulum"" provides the socket to the joint of the hip, and is comprised of all three bones of the pelvis
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*Species differences:
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**Larger species have a more vertical ilium, bringing the sacroiliac joint (and with it the weight of the trunk) closer to the hip
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**Smaller species have an oblique ilium
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==Pelvic Joints==

Revision as of 12:24, 25 July 2008

BACK TO MUSCULOSKELETAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

Pelvic Girdle

  • Two symmetrical halves: hip bones (ossa cosarum) meet at pelvic symphysis ventrally and articulate with sacrum dorsally
  • Hip Bones:
    • Three bones develop from separate ossifications within a single cartilage plate
    • Ilium: craniodorsal, extends obliquely forward from hip to articulate with sacrum
      • Cranial wing varies between species
      • Dorsally, forms sacral tuber more prominent in large animals than dogs and cats
      • Ventrally, forms tuber coxae, or the point of the hip
      • Margin of the wing is known as the iliac crest
      • Body is deeply excavated for attachment of the gluteus medius
      • Greater Sciatic Notch on dorsal border of the wing is cut away at its junction with the shaft to allow the sciatic nerve passage en route to the hind limb
    • Pubis: extends medially from the joint to form cranial pelvic floor
      • L-shaped to give two branches: cranial (acetabular) and caudal (symphysial)
    • Ischium: caudal, forms most of pelvic floor
      • Ischial tuberosity is formed by the caudolateral corner of the horizontal plate of the ischium
    • The Pelvic Symphysis comprises both pubis and ischium
    • The Acetabulum"" provides the socket to the joint of the hip, and is comprised of all three bones of the pelvis
  • Species differences:
    • Larger species have a more vertical ilium, bringing the sacroiliac joint (and with it the weight of the trunk) closer to the hip
    • Smaller species have an oblique ilium

Pelvic Joints