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Skin Environmental - Pathology (view source)
Revision as of 10:48, 11 October 2008
, 10:48, 11 October 2008no edit summary
**Horses - loss of main and tail hair, deformed hooves that may be shed
**Horses - loss of main and tail hair, deformed hooves that may be shed
==Physical damage==
==Physical damage==
===Acral lick dermatitis===
===Acral lick dermatitis===
*Also called '''lick granuloma''' or '''neurodermatitis'''
*Also called '''lick granuloma''' or '''neurodermatitis'''
**Perivascular and periadnexal plasma cell accumulation
**Perivascular and periadnexal plasma cell accumulation
**May be associated with mild snsory polyneuropathy
**May be associated with mild snsory polyneuropathy
===Callus===
===Callus===
*Hypertrophy of epidermis, particularly at pressure points
*Hypertrophy of epidermis, particularly at pressure points
**[[Skin Glossary - Pathology|Comedones]] and follicular cysts may be present, potentially rupture and cause secondary pyoderma
**[[Skin Glossary - Pathology|Comedones]] and follicular cysts may be present, potentially rupture and cause secondary pyoderma
**Excessive keratin widening follicular openings
**Excessive keratin widening follicular openings
===Feline psychogenic alopecia===
*Occurs in cats
*Broken hairs cused by persistent licking -> partial alopecia
*Areas mostly affected: dorsal midline, perineal, genital, medial thigh, abdomen
*Microscopically:
**Usually normal skin
**Possibly increased [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|telogen]] follicles
===Injection site reaction===
===Injection site reaction===
*May be caused by subcutaneous injections
*May be caused by subcutaneous injections
*Cats may develop fibrosarcomas secondary to vaccination
*Cats may develop fibrosarcomas secondary to vaccination
*Dogs, especially poodles, may develop lymphoplasmacytic panniculitis and perivasculitis, vasculitis and follicular atrophy secondary to killed rabies vaccine
*Dogs, especially poodles, may develop lymphoplasmacytic panniculitis and perivasculitis, vasculitis and follicular atrophy secondary to killed rabies vaccine
===Intertrigo===
===Intertrigo===
*Also called '''skin fold dermatitis'''
*Also called '''skin fold dermatitis'''
*Cows with large, pendolous udder may become affected in area between thigh and udder
*Cows with large, pendolous udder may become affected in area between thigh and udder
**In severe cases, skin and subcutis may slough
**In severe cases, skin and subcutis may slough
===Pyotraumatic dermatitis===
===Pyotraumatic dermatitis===
*Also called '''acute moist dermatitis''' or ''''hot spot''''
*Also called '''acute moist dermatitis''' or ''''hot spot''''
**Ulceration
**Ulceration
**In severe damage, squamous cell carcinoma may develop
**In severe damage, squamous cell carcinoma may develop
===Low temperature damage===
===Low temperature damage===
*Prolonged cold can cause ice crystal formation and vascular injury resultic in damage to tissue due to increased intracellular salt concentration
*Prolonged cold can cause ice crystal formation and vascular injury resultic in damage to tissue due to increased intracellular salt concentration
*Areas affected are extremities
*Areas affected are extremities
*Lesions consist of [[General Pathology - Necrosis#Gangrene|gangrene]] and necrotic tissue
*Lesions consist of [[General Pathology - Necrosis#Gangrene|gangrene]] and necrotic tissue
===High temperature damage===
===High temperature damage===
*May result from excessive heat, liquids, flames, friction, lightning, electricity
*May result from excessive heat, liquids, flames, friction, lightning, electricity
*Melanogenesis
*Melanogenesis
*Immune responses of skin are reduced by UV light
*Immune responses of skin are reduced by UV light
===Solar dermatosis and neoplasia===
===Solar dermatosis and neoplasia===
*Caused by chronic sunlight damage
*Caused by chronic sunlight damage
*If damage repaired prior to mitosis - no lasting effect
*If damage repaired prior to mitosis - no lasting effect
*If mitosis occurs before repair, post-mitotic repair is prone to faults and DNA mutations may result in neoplasia
*If mitosis occurs before repair, post-mitotic repair is prone to faults and DNA mutations may result in neoplasia
===Solar dermatitis===
===Solar dermatitis===
*Particularly in white animals and where little or no hair is present
*Particularly in white animals and where little or no hair is present
**Dermal fibrosis
**Dermal fibrosis
**Dogs may develop actinic [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|comedones]]
**Dogs may develop actinic [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|comedones]]
===Photosensitisation===
===Photosensitisation===
*'''Primary'''
*'''Primary'''
**Ulceration
**Ulceration
**Secondary infection
**Secondary infection
===Photoenhanced dermatoses===
===Photoenhanced dermatoses===
*Many [[Skin Immunologic - Pathology|immune-mediated]] cutaneous disease are made worse by sunlight
*Many [[Skin Immunologic - Pathology|immune-mediated]] cutaneous disease are made worse by sunlight