Difference between revisions of "Insulinoma"
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| Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
**German Shepherd | **German Shepherd | ||
**Labrador Retriever | **Labrador Retriever | ||
| + | **Standard Poodle | ||
**Boxer | **Boxer | ||
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==Description== | ==Description== | ||
Insulinomas are well slow growing, encapsulated, functional tumours of the islet of pancreatic islet cells, which secrete insulin autonomously. They are predominantly malignant (90% of canine isulinomas), with a high metastatic rate to regional lymph nodes, liver and omentum. | Insulinomas are well slow growing, encapsulated, functional tumours of the islet of pancreatic islet cells, which secrete insulin autonomously. They are predominantly malignant (90% of canine isulinomas), with a high metastatic rate to regional lymph nodes, liver and omentum. | ||
| + | |||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
===Clinical Signs=== | ===Clinical Signs=== | ||
| + | The following signs are attributal to hypoglycaemia: | ||
| + | *collapse | ||
| + | *muscle tremor | ||
| + | *muscle weakness | ||
| + | *ataxia | ||
| + | *mentally dull and disorientated | ||
| + | *These sigs may be intermittent at the beginning of the disease, but this becomes progressively more often. In between hypoglycaemic episodes, the animals are normal. | ||
| Line 35: | Line 44: | ||
===Diagnostic Imaging=== | ===Diagnostic Imaging=== | ||
| + | ====Radiography==== | ||
| + | A thoracic radiograph may be used to identify any pulmonary metastases, but this is uncommon. | ||
| + | ====Ultrasonography==== | ||
| + | Occasionally, it may be possible to visualise the location of the tumour on the pancreas. However, this may not be possible if the tumous is too small. Metastases to lymph nodes and liver can sometimes be revealed. | ||
Revision as of 11:41, 20 August 2009
 |
This article is still under construction. |
Signalment
- More common in dogs than cats
- Middle-aged to older dogs
- No sex predisposition
- Breed predisposition, more common in medium to large-breed dogs:
- Irish Setter
- German Shepherd
- Labrador Retriever
- Standard Poodle
- Boxer
Description
Insulinomas are well slow growing, encapsulated, functional tumours of the islet of pancreatic islet cells, which secrete insulin autonomously. They are predominantly malignant (90% of canine isulinomas), with a high metastatic rate to regional lymph nodes, liver and omentum.
Diagnosis
Clinical Signs
The following signs are attributal to hypoglycaemia:
- collapse
- muscle tremor
- muscle weakness
- ataxia
- mentally dull and disorientated
- These sigs may be intermittent at the beginning of the disease, but this becomes progressively more often. In between hypoglycaemic episodes, the animals are normal.
Laboratory Tests
Haematology
Biochemistry
- Hypoglycemia
Other Tests
Diagnostic Imaging
Radiography
A thoracic radiograph may be used to identify any pulmonary metastases, but this is uncommon.
Ultrasonography
Occasionally, it may be possible to visualise the location of the tumour on the pancreas. However, this may not be possible if the tumous is too small. Metastases to lymph nodes and liver can sometimes be revealed.
Histopathology
Treatment
Prognosis
References
- Ettinger, S.J. and Feldman, E. C. (2000) Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine Diseases of the Dog and Cat Volume 2 (Fifth Edition) W.B. Saunders Company.
- Fossum, T. W. et. al. (2007) Small Animal Surgery (Third Edition) Mosby Elsevier
- Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition) Mosby Elsevier.