Difference between revisions of "Equine Infectious Anemia"
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(New page: {{unfinished}} {{toplink |linkpage =Viruses |linktext =VIRUSES |sublink1=Retroviridae |subtext1=RETROVIRIDAE |pagetype =Bugs }} <br> ====Pathogenesis==== *Virus coats red blood cells an...) |
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**'''Mosquitoes''' transfer infected '''macrophages | **'''Mosquitoes''' transfer infected '''macrophages | ||
*Also transferred via infected needles, semen and milk | *Also transferred via infected needles, semen and milk | ||
| − | *Infected horses have '''lifetime latent infection''' with recurring bouts of virus when '''immunocompromised''' | + | *Infected horses have '''lifetime latent infection of macrophages''' with recurring bouts of virus when '''immunocompromised''' |
====Diagnosis==== | ====Diagnosis==== | ||
Revision as of 11:09, 18 September 2009
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This article is still under construction. |
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Pathogenesis
- Virus coats red blood cells and thrombocytes
- Type III Immune complex disease develops
- Non-neutralizing antibody and complement lyse RBC's, causing:
- Jaundice
- Vasculitis
- Hemorrhage
- Diarrhoea
- Loss of condition
- Oedema
- High mortality
Epidemiology
- Notifiable in UK but endemic in parts of the US
- Animals can be carriers for years despite being antibody-positive
- Transfer is mechanical via vectors:
- Mosquitoes transfer infected macrophages
- Also transferred via infected needles, semen and milk
- Infected horses have lifetime latent infection of macrophages with recurring bouts of virus when immunocompromised
Diagnosis
- Coggins test required for horse movement in the US:
- Serum antibody by immunodiffusion in infected horse spleen
Control
- Slaughter of infected animal
- 2 clear Coggins tests of all horses before movement allowed
- Vector control: stabling, etc.