Difference between revisions of "Infectious Canine Hepatitis"
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==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
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===Clinical Signs=== | ===Clinical Signs=== | ||
*recovering animals may show an immune-mediated uveitis with corneal opacity | *recovering animals may show an immune-mediated uveitis with corneal opacity | ||
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Other organs may also show changes. For example, the wall of the gall bladder may be oedematous, and lymph nodes can be enlarged, reddened and haemorrhagic. Chronic interstitial nephritis may feature. | Other organs may also show changes. For example, the wall of the gall bladder may be oedematous, and lymph nodes can be enlarged, reddened and haemorrhagic. Chronic interstitial nephritis may feature. | ||
| − | ==== | + | ====Histological==== |
| − | + | Histopathology reveals centrilobular necrosis. Haematoxylin and eosin staining reveals basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes and macrophages. | |
| − | + | It is possible to use immunofluorescence to stain for viral antigen in vascular endothelium. | |
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Revision as of 15:50, 5 July 2010
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This article is still under construction. |
| Also known as: | Rubarth's Disease Canine adenovirus infection |
Description
- adenovirus - Canine Adenovirus 1
- acute and generalised infection
- highly infectious
- spread via the urine of infected animals over a long period of time
Signalment
- young dogs
Diagnosis
Clinical Signs
- recovering animals may show an immune-mediated uveitis with corneal opacity
Laboratory Tests
Radiography
Biopsy
Endoscopy
Pathology
Pathogenesis
Canine adenovirus 1 (CAV1) initially infects and replicates in the cells of the oropharynx, before establishing a viraemia. A tropism for endothelial cells exists, leading to attack of the liver sinusoids and the lining of the gall bladder. Kuppfer cells are also affected. This results in hepatitis.
In foxes, the virus replicates in the endothelial cells of the brain resulting in neuronal damage, fits, and paralysis.
Gross
The liver is enlarged and friable on post-mortem examination. Extensive centrilobular necrosis leads to a pale, mottled appearance, but widespread haemorrhage is also apparent. These haemorrhages are located particularly on the serosal surface. Ascites results from this hepatitis, and fibrinous or fibrino-haemorrhagic adhesions can sometimes be seen between the lobes of the liver.
Other organs may also show changes. For example, the wall of the gall bladder may be oedematous, and lymph nodes can be enlarged, reddened and haemorrhagic. Chronic interstitial nephritis may feature.
Histological
Histopathology reveals centrilobular necrosis. Haematoxylin and eosin staining reveals basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in hepatocytes and macrophages. It is possible to use immunofluorescence to stain for viral antigen in vascular endothelium.
Treatment
Control
In an outbreak
- Isolate infected dogs
- Disinfect premises
To prevent
- Vaccination: tissue culture adaptation that may be live or inactivated
- Cross protection with CAV2
- Live vaccines are known to cause keratitis in Afghans, Red Setters and Saluki