Difference between revisions of "Haemangiosarcoma"

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=Abdominal Haemangiosarcoma=
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==Description==
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A highly malignant tumour of dogs. The origin of '''abdominal haemangiosarcoma''' is often from the spleen.  Neoplastic cells are implanted into the abdomen, causing widespread peritoneal seepage of blood or metastasise to the liver and lungs.  This is a highly malignant disease.
  
 
==Signalment==
 
==Signalment==
*Often found in older German Shepherd Dogs and Golden Retrievers
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Often found in older German Shepherd Dogs and Golden Retrievers
  
 
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==Description==
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The origin of '''abdominal haemangiosarcoma''' is often from the spleen.  Neoplastic cells are implanted into the abdomen, causing widespread peritoneal seepage of blood or metastasise to the liver and lungs.  This is a highly malignant disease.
 
  
 
==Diagnosis==
 
==Diagnosis==
 
===Clinical Signs===
 
===Clinical Signs===
*Collapse; due to rupture of the mass, leading to a haemoabdomen
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Animals often present Collapsed; due to rupture of the mass, leading to a haemoabdomen
*Abdominal effusion
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Otherwise Lethargy, weakness, pallor and anorexia may preceed a major bleed.
*Lethargy, weakness, pallor and anorexia may preceed a major bleed
 
  
  
 
===Laboratory Tests===
 
===Laboratory Tests===
 
====Haematology====
 
====Haematology====
*Anaemia; may be regenerative if due to blood loss, or microangiopathic due to the passage of red blood cells through the microvascular network of the tumour
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Anaemia; may be regenerative if due to blood loss, or microangiopathic due to the passage of red blood cells through the microvascular network of the tumour
  
 
====Biochemistry====
 
====Biochemistry====
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====Ultrasonography====
 
====Ultrasonography====
 
This is sensitive in indentifying liver and splenic masses.
 
This is sensitive in indentifying liver and splenic masses.
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==Pathology==
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===Cholangiocellular - bile duct===
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*can be primary in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
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*other predilection sites
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**[[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]]
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**right auricle of the heart
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*prevalent in large breeds
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==From Spleen Pathology==
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distinguished from the superficially similar haemangioma by the presence of much more formed, solid tumour tissue
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*accurate prognosis demands histological examination
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*secondaries are common locally in the [[Peritoneal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology#Omentum|omentum]] and in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
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The course of disease is usually short, often only a month or two and metastases may occur in almost every organ.
  
  
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==References==
 
==References==
*Ettinger, S.J. and Feldman, E. C. (2000) '''Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine Diseases of the Dog and Cat Volume 2''' (Fifth Edition) ''W.B. Saunders Company''.
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Ettinger, S.J. and Feldman, E. C. (2000) '''Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine Diseases of the Dog and Cat Volume 2''' (Fifth Edition) ''W.B. Saunders Company''.
*Hall, E.J, Simpson, J.W. and Williams, D.A. (2005) '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology (2nd Edition)''' ''BSAVA''
 
*Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) '''Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition)''' ''Mosby Elsevier''.
 
 
 
==From Pathology==
 
 
 
===Cholangiocellular - bile duct===
 
*can be primary in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
 
*other predilection sites
 
**[[Spleen - Anatomy & Physiology|spleen]]
 
**right auricle of the heart
 
*prevalent in large breeds
 
  
 +
Hall, E.J, Simpson, J.W. and Williams, D.A. (2005) '''BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology (2nd Edition)''' ''BSAVA''
  
 +
Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) '''Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition)''' ''Mosby Elsevier''.
  
==From Spleen Pathology==
 
*highly malignant tumour of dogs
 
*distinguished from the superficially similar haemangioma by the presence of much more formed, solid tumour tissue
 
*accurate prognosis demands histological examination
 
*secondaries are common locally in the [[Peritoneal cavity - Anatomy & Physiology#Omentum|omentum]] and in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]
 
:- course is usually short, often only a month or two
 
:- metastases may occur in almost every organ
 
  
  

Revision as of 09:48, 18 August 2010




Description

A highly malignant tumour of dogs. The origin of abdominal haemangiosarcoma is often from the spleen. Neoplastic cells are implanted into the abdomen, causing widespread peritoneal seepage of blood or metastasise to the liver and lungs. This is a highly malignant disease.

Signalment

Often found in older German Shepherd Dogs and Golden Retrievers


Diagnosis

Clinical Signs

Animals often present Collapsed; due to rupture of the mass, leading to a haemoabdomen. Otherwise Lethargy, weakness, pallor and anorexia may preceed a major bleed.


Laboratory Tests

Haematology

Anaemia; may be regenerative if due to blood loss, or microangiopathic due to the passage of red blood cells through the microvascular network of the tumour

Biochemistry

Other Tests

Diagnostic Imaging

Radiography

This may be able to reveal any masses, provided there is minimal peritoneal fluid.

Ultrasonography

This is sensitive in indentifying liver and splenic masses.

Pathology

Cholangiocellular - bile duct

  • can be primary in the liver
  • other predilection sites
    • spleen
    • right auricle of the heart
  • prevalent in large breeds

From Spleen Pathology

distinguished from the superficially similar haemangioma by the presence of much more formed, solid tumour tissue

  • accurate prognosis demands histological examination
  • secondaries are common locally in the omentum and in the liver

The course of disease is usually short, often only a month or two and metastases may occur in almost every organ.


Histopathology

Biopsy of any masses will provide a definitive diagnosis. This is needed to differentiate haemangiosarcoma from splenic haematoma, haemangioma and accessory splenic tissue.

Treatment

Surgery

This is useful if there are any solitary masses that can be excised.

Chemotherapy

This will provide a palliative treatment for animals with multiple masses or as an adjuvant therapy post-operatively.


Prognosis

Poor due to high risk of metastasis in the early course of the disease.


References

Ettinger, S.J. and Feldman, E. C. (2000) Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine Diseases of the Dog and Cat Volume 2 (Fifth Edition) W.B. Saunders Company.

Hall, E.J, Simpson, J.W. and Williams, D.A. (2005) BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Gastroenterology (2nd Edition) BSAVA

Nelson, R.W. and Couto, C.G. (2009) Small Animal Internal Medicine (Fourth Edition) Mosby Elsevier.