Peritoneal Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology

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Introduction

Structure

  • Peritoneum is normally smooth and clear,
  • Small volume of clear fluid for lubrication - in equilibrium with plasma but doesn't contain high molecular weight molecules like fibrinogen
  • Small animals
    • Low volume of clear straw coloured fluid
    • Specific gravity <1.015 to 1.018
    • Total protein 25-39g/L
    • Nucleated cell count <3x10e9/L
    • Mesothelial cells/macrophages

Function

Vasculature

Innervation

Lymphatics

Histology

  • Have microvili on their surface
  • Very fragile but regenerate very quickly
  • High fibrinolytic activity - protects against the formation of adhesions
  • Show reactive change with inflammation or effusions
  • May be confused with neoplastic cells

Species Differences

  • Peritoneum is normally smooth and clear,
  • Small volume of clear fluid for lubrication - in equilibrium with plasma but doesn't contain high molecular weight molecules like fibrinogen
  • Small animals
    • Low volume of clear straw coloured fluid
    • Specific gravity <1.015 to 1.018
    • Total protein 25-39g/L
    • Nucleated cell count <3x10e9/L
    • Mesothelial cells/macrophages

Links

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