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| Fill in the missing words about cestodes
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A cestode (tapeworm) is a chain (strobila) of progressively maturing reproductive units called proglottids anchored at one end to the intestinal wall by a hold-fast organ called the scolex.
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| What species of Taenia occur in dogs?
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- Taenia ovis
- Taenia hydatigena
- Taenia pisiformis
- Taenia multiceps
- Taenia serialis
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| What are the more obvious morphological features of the scolex of a cyclophyllidean tapeworm?
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- Four suckers
- Rostellum with rows of large hooks
- Unsegmented neck (behind the scolex) which gives rise to new segments
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| Describe the features of a cysticercus
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- Fluid filled bladder, containing a single invaginated head (protoscolex) - seen as a white blob on the wall of the cyst
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| In which host(s) would you expect to find the cysticercus of T. hydatigena and where in the host might it be found?
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- Sheep (mostly)'
- Cattle
- Pigs
- Found in the peritoneal cavity
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| What is the difference between a coenurus and a cysticercus?
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- A coenurus is a fluid filled bladder with multiples (dozens) of inverted head attached to the wall
- Whereas the cysticercus has only a single inverted scolex.
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| How does the distribution of hydatid cysts differ in sheep, horses and humans?
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- Sheep = most are in the lungs with smaller numbers in the liver
- Horses = nearly all are in the liver
- Humans = most are in the liver, with some in the lungs and a few elsewhere
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| What tapeworms occur in the cat?
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- Taenia taeniaeformis
- Dipylidium
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| Why is it so difficult to prevent many cats from becoming re-infected with T. taeniaeformis?
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- The intermediate hosts are mice and other small mammals that are hunted
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| Where in the host (horse) would you expect to find Anoplocephala?
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| Why are Anoplocephala eggs rarely seen on routine faecal examination?
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- They are dense structures and do not always float in the flotation media used in routine diagnosis
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| Why is it so difficult to prevent grazing horses from becoming re-infected with Anoplocephala?
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- The intermediate hosts are ubiquitous free-living pasture mites
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| Describe the appearance of Moniezia
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- Long tapeworm (up to 2m)
- Segments much wider than they are long
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| Why is T. solium more dangerous to human health than T. saginata?
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- If T. solium eggs get into the human small intestine, they will hatch and cysticerci can establish in the musculature and CNS. This does not happen with T. saginata.
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