Canine Adenovirus 1

Causes Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis

CH is caused by a nonenveloped DNA virus, canine  adenovirus 1 (CAV-1), which is antigenically related only to CAV-2 (one  of the causes of infectious canine tracheobronchitis,                   Infectious Tracheobronchitis of Dogs). CAV-1 is  resistant to lipid solvents and survives outside the host for weeks or  months, but a 1-3% solution of sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) is  an effective disinfectant. 

• Adenoviridae
• Usually mild bronchointerstitial pneumonia, necrosis of bronchiolar and alveolar epithelium, oedema, type II pneumocyte hyperplasia
• May cause necrotising bronchiolitis in immune-deficient dogs (distemper)
• Can be associated with kennel cough described above

Hosts

• Dogs
• Foxes are very susceptible (Fox Encephalitis)

Epidemiology

• Transfers easily via ingesting infected urine, feces or respiratory secretions
• Can be transferred by handlers, infected surfaces, etc.

Adenovirus pneumonia (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)