Permethrin Toxicity

Introduction

Permethrin is the active ingredient of many 'spot-on' pesticides used in the control of fleas and ticks in dogs ^[1]. In is also used in products intended for use in rats, mice, gerbils and guinea pigs ^[1]. Permethrin mediates its effects through modulation of voltage-sensitive sodium channels. Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag.

Diagnosis

Clinical Signs

Includes: twitching, convulsions, ataxia, hypersalivation, respiratory distress, emesis, diarrhoea, hyperaesthesia, muscle fasciculations, lethargy, tachycardia, anxiety, temporary blindness,death ^[1], ^[1].

Laboratory Tests

Pathology

The spot-on canine preparations are often quite concentrated.^[1]. Cats lack the enzyme glucuronidase transferase ^[1] and is therefore unable to utilise the metabolic pathway that dogs and other animals use to break down permethrin into glucuronides and sulphates ^[1]

Treatment

If permetrin toxicily is due to skin contamination immediate removal by washing with lukewarm water containing a gentle detergent such as shampoo or washing-up liquid is indicated ^[1].

Prognosis

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 Clinical effects and outcome of feline permethrin spot-on poisonings reported to the Veterinary Poisons information Service (VPIS), London, Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery(2007)9,335-339 accessed on http://www.fabcats.org/esfm/permethrin.pdf 07.11.2010 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content

[multiples-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 Clinical effects and outcome of feline permethrin spot-on poisonings reported to the Veterinary Poisons information Service (VPIS), London, Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery(2007)9,335-339 accessed on http://www.fabcats.org/esfm/permethrin.pdf 07.11.2010 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "multiples" defined multiple times with different content

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